我国9地区小学生液体乳制品与软饮料的消费现状  

Consumption pattern of liquid dairy products and soft beverages among pupils from nine areas in China

作　　者：尤莉莉[1] 杨媞媞[1] 白瑛 陈云 张玉梅[1] 王培玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京100191 [2]蒙中集团

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2014年第12期1772-1775,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解目前我国城市和农村小学生的饮料消费模式,为改善青少年体质健康水平提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,对全国9个地区共814名小学生及其家长进行问卷调查,分析和比较城市、农村小学生乳制品和软饮料的摄入频率及摄入量。结果城市小学生经常喝(≥4次/周)牛奶及其制品(66.5%)的比例高于农村学生(22.2%)(χ2=,P<0.05);57%的农村小学生基本不喝(<1次/周)牛奶及其制品,高于城市儿童的16.7%(P<0.05);城市小学生乳制品(液体牛奶、酸奶)每日摄入量中位数为206 m L,明显高于农村学生的44 m L(P<0.01)。城市小学生"经常喝"和"基本不喝"软饮料的比例分别为47.8%,23.8%,均高于农村学生的43.4%,19.1%(P<0.05)。小学生消费最频繁的饮料是配置型乳饮料(33.4%),其次为碳酸饮料(24.6%)、茶饮料(24.2%)。城市小学生总的软饮料消费量中位数为962 m L/周,高于农村学生的650 m L/周(P<0.01)。结论小学生乳制品的摄入未达到推荐量,农村小学生乳制品的摄入尤为不足。应加强对小学生的健康教育和干预,提高学生乳制品的摄入,并引导学生正确选择健康饮品。Objective To explore the liquid dairy products and soft beverages consumption among pupils from both urban and rural areas of China. Methods About 814 pupils from seven urban and two rural areas were investigated with the self-design questionnaire, including general characteristics and consumption of liquid dairy products and soft beverages. The difference of con- sumption pattern between urban and rural children was compared by quantitative analyzing the data of consumption frequency and a- mount. Results About 70% of urban pupils consumed liquid dairy products frequently （ more than 4 times per week）, which was higher than rural children（22.2%, P〈0.05 ）. The proportion of children who hardly consumed （ less than once a week） liquid dairy products was 57% in rural children, which was much higher than urban children（ 16.7%, P〈0.05 ）. Urban children con- sumed an average of 206 mL. liquid dairy per day compared with 44 mL. liquid dairy consumed by rural children per day （ P〈 0.05 ）. The proportion of pupils who consumed sugar-sweetened beverages frequently were 47.8% and 43.2% in urban and rural areas respectively; While the proportion of pupils who hardly consumed sugar-sweetened beverages were 23.8 % and 19.1% for ur- ban and rural children （P= 0.0478）. Urban pupils consumed more soft drinks per week, compared with rural pupils （962 mL vs. 650 mL, P〈0.001 ）. Configuration milk beverage was most popular among both urban and rural children. Conclusion The con- sumption of dairy among beth urban and rural pupils did not meet the recommendation, especially among rural areas. Urban pupils consumed much more soft drinks compared with rural children. Strengthening nutrition education is recommended in order to help primary school children and their caregivers identify and choose healthy drinks.

关 键 词：乳制品 饮料 学生 筹资 个人 

分 类 号：R155.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R155.57[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]