小球藻精油的提取及GC-MS分析  

Extraction and GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oil of Chlorella

作　　者：季晓敏[1] 王亚男[1] 徐嘉杰 黄健 苏秀榕[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]中国农业机械化研究院,北京100083 [3]北京普析通用有限责任公司,北京101200

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2014年第11期222-228,共7页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国际合作项目(S2011ZR0360)

摘　　要：用响应面优化超临界提取小球藻中精油的方法。将超临界和索式抽提到的精油用气-质联用分析其中的脂肪酸和挥发性成分。结果表明:最优条件是:压力41 MPa,温度40℃,液固比1.5。此条件下小球藻的提取率为5.3%。超临界流体萃取的油产率略低于索氏提取器。用GC-MS分析两种方法提取的精油中主要脂肪酸种类基本相同。超临界方法提取的总不饱和脂肪酸为131.85 mg/g,而索式抽提为154.65 mg/g。用顶空固相微萃取气-质联用法(HS-SPME-GC-MS)鉴定超临界挥发性成分的含量、种类远远低于索式抽提。超临界方法萃取的小球藻精油中乙位紫罗兰酮具有强烈的花香,其感官品质高于用索氏提取法提取的。Super-critical CO2 extraction of chlorella essential oil was optimized by response surface methodology（RSM）. The essential oil were identified by GC-MS. It showed that the optimal conditions of Super-critical were pressure41 MPa, temperature 40 ℃, and the ratio of liquid to solid was 1.5. In optimal conditions, the extraction yield of chlorella was 5.3%. The extraction yield of Super-critical CO2 was slightly lower than Soxhlet extraction and the major fatty acid compositions were the same. The total content of unsaturated fatty acid was 131.85 mg/g by Super-critical CO2 extraction method and Soxhlet extraction was 154.65 mg/g. Headspace solid-phase microextraction method（HS-SPME）combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） was used for the analysis of volatiles. It showed supercritical species is far below the Soxhlet extraction. The quality of essential oil by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction technology which has a strong floral ionone was better than that by soxhlet extraction method.

关 键 词：小球藻 超临界 脂肪酸 GC-MS 挥发性成味 

分 类 号：TS254.4[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程] O657.63[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]