教育批判:困境缘由与范式转换  

Educational Criticism:Causes of the Predicament and the Paradigm Transformation

作　　者：雷云[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学教师教育学院

出　　处：《现代远程教育研究》2015年第1期33-38,共6页Modern Distance Education Research

基　　金：全国教育科学"十一五"规划教育部重点课题"我国教育知识史的语境考察"(DAA100191)

摘　　要：教育批判意指对教育思想、言论或行为的理性否定,包括教育实践批判与教育知识批判。教育实践批判最终指向某种教育活动,旨在否定和变革不合理的教育行为;教育知识批判则指向某种错误的思想、言论与概念体系,力图在教育思想观念领域纠偏查错。两者都是在由某种确证依据和理论逻辑构成的批判方式下展开的,具有本质性联系。当前教育批判陷入了困境,表现为教育实践批判异化为自大与私利的争端,教育知识批判则因人们各安其论而日益稀疏。教育批判的困境缘于其"外在-经验"批判范式,这种批判范式使教育批判陷入认识与伦理的双重困境。超越困境可尝试转向"内在-超验"批判。"内在-超验"批判以"教育理想"为批判基础。教育理想既不能通过教育实践"做出来",也无法通过表述、论证"说出来",但可在教育艺术作品非现实地"做"与"说"中逐渐形成。Educational criticism refers to the rational negation of educational thoughts, views or behaviors, including educational practice criticism and educational knowledge criticism. Educational practice criticism refers to the criticism of some educational activities and aims to negate and reform the unreasonable educational behaviors; educational knowledge criticism means the criticism of some irrational educational thoughts, views and conceptual system, attempting to correct errors in educational thoughts field. Since both of them are the result of the criticism mode constituted by confirmed basis and theoretical logic, they have an essential connection. Currently, educational criticism is thrown into a predicament, that is, the educational practice criticism has alienated to the dispute between arrogance and personal interest; and educational knowledge criticism has become sparse because most people are not concerned with the different opinions. The educational criticism predicament arises from the criticism paradigm called ＂External-Experience＂, which makes educational criticism sink into the dual predicaments of recognition and ethics. To transcend this predicament, we can turn to the criticism based on ＂Internal-Transcendental＂. ＂Educational ideal＂ acts as the basis for ＂Internal-Transcendental＂ criticism. Educational ideal can neither be ＂carried out＂ by educational practice nor be ＂spoken out＂ by expression and demonstration but will gradually take shape in the unreal saying and doing of educational artworks.

关 键 词：教育批判 “外在-经验”批判 “内在-超验”批判 教育理想 范式转换 困境超越 

分 类 号：G40[文化科学—教育学原理]