基于五星教学原理的微课教学设计研究  

A Study on the Micro-Courses Teaching Design Based on 5-Star Teaching Principle

作　　者：刘小晶[1] 张剑平[2] 杜卫锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]嘉兴学院数理与信息工程学院 [2]浙江大学教育技术研究所

出　　处：《现代远程教育研究》2015年第1期82-89,97,共9页Modern Distance Education Research

基　　金：2013年全国教育信息技术课题"新媒体背景下微型学习的适应性网络环境的构建研究"(136221477);2014年度浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题"基于手机终端的微课程资源设计与应用研究"(14NDJC045YB);2013年浙江省课程改革项目"<数据结构>翻转课堂教学模式设计与实践"(kg2013291)

摘　　要：当前微课教学实践逐步走向深入,但存在只注重内容的呈现形式、忽视教学原理指导下的教学设计等问题,严重影响了微课资源使用的教学效能。另外,虽然多数高校教师都认为微课教学设计的方法和策略具有重要价值,但又难以找到可供参考和借鉴的教学设计模式,因此有必要从当代教学原理的根基中探寻微课的教学设计模式。当代著名的教学设计理论家梅瑞尔教授提出的"五星教学原理",以聚焦解决问题为宗旨,强调将知识技能的掌握置于解决不同问题的情境中,在教学过程中突出激活旧知、示证新知、尝试应用和融会贯通的环节,旨在实现有效率的优质教学。这一教学原理为微课教学设计提供了理论和教学法指导。基于五星教学原理的微课教学设计模式应围绕具有任务特征的中心问题展开,通过激活旧知、示证新知、尝试应用、总结归纳、融会贯通5个阶段来组织微课教学。以《数据结构》中"队列的应用"为案例的实践证明:这种微课教学模式具有较好的教学性、效用性和通用性,可以为微课建设者提供设计开发的规范参考。Currently, the micro-courses teaching practice is gradually deepening, but there are some problems like focusing only on the presentation of content with the teaching design under the guidance of the principle of teaching being ignored, which seriously decrease the teaching efficiency of using micro class resources. In addition, although the majority of college teachers think the method and strategy of micro teaching design is important and useful, it is difficult to find any available teaching design model for reference. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the teaching design model of micro-course from the foundation of contemporary teaching principle. Professor Merrill, a famous contemporary teaching design theorist has put forward ＂5-star teaching principle＂, focusing on the purpose of solving the problem and emphasizing the mastery of the skills in solving different problems. In the process of teaching, the ＂5-star teaching principle＂ highlights such aspects as activating old knowledge, demonstrating new knowledge, trying to apply and achieving mastery of knowledge in order to achieve efficient quality teaching. This teaching principle provides theoretical and methodological guidance for micro teaching design. The pattern of micro teaching design based on the 5-star teaching principle should be developed around the center problem with task feature, and organize the micro teaching through 5 stages of activating old knowledge, demonstrating new knowledge, trying to apply, summarizing and achieving mastery of knowledge. The practice in the case of Application of Queue in ＂Data Structure＂ has proved that this mode of micro teaching has good teaching effectiveness and universality and it provides a normative reference of design and development for micro class constructors.

关 键 词：五星教学原理 微课 教学设计 应用模板 教学效用 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]