响应面优化超临界CO_2萃取罗非鱼头油的研究  

Optimization for supercritical CO_2 extraction of tilapia fish head oil by response surface method

作　　者：张春华[1] 包斌[1,2] 陈山乔[1] 沈晶晶[1] 潘镜 陶宁萍[1,4] 吴文惠[1,2,4] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306 [2]上海水产品加工及贮藏工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]云南海王水产有限公司,云南普洱654800 [4]上海海洋大学海洋科学研究院,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2015年第2期293-302,共10页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：上海市创新行动计划(14431906000);云南省科技计划项目(2012IB016);上海海洋大学科技发展专项基金(14200069)

摘　　要：为优化罗非鱼头油的提取工艺,通过单因素试验选择超临界CO2萃取罗非鱼头油的单因素水平,采用响应面法优化超临界CO2萃取罗非鱼头油的工艺条件,分析了罗非鱼头油的品质及脂肪酸组成。结果表明:超临界CO2技术萃取罗非鱼头油的最优工艺条件是压力36 MPa、温度41℃和时间3.1 h,超临界CO2流体技术优于蒸煮法、碱水解法和酶解法;罗非鱼头油的最大提取率是79.5%,其碘值、过氧化值和酸值分别是(5.36±0.15)mg/kg、(4.27±0.33)mmol/kg、(139.0±8.9)g/100g;罗非鱼头油的饱和脂肪酸(saturated fatty acid,SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(monounsaturated fatty acid,MUFA)和多不饱和脂肪酸(polyunsaturated fatty acid,PUFA)的含量分别是27.85%,41.74%和30.41%,罗非鱼头油丰富的脂肪酸构成暗示着其优良的营养价值和功能性。To optimize the extraction process, the tilapia fish head oil was extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction （ SC - CO2 ） from tilapia fish head. The signal factors were chosen by single-factor experiments and the optimal extraction conditions of tilapia fish oil by SC-CO2 were optimized by response surface method. Then the quality and fatty acid composition of tilapia fish head oil were analyzed. The results showed that the optimum conditions were extraction pressure 36 MPa, extraction temperature 41 ~C and extraction time 3.1 h, which was better than cooking method, alkali hydrolysis method and enzymatic method. The extraction rate under the optimal extraction condition by SC-CO2 was 79.5%, and the iodine value, POV and acid value were 5.36 __. O. 15 mg/kg, 4.27 ＋ O. 33 mmol/kg and 139.0 ~ 8.9 g/lOOg respectively. The contents of saturated fatty acid （SFA）, monounsaturated fatty acid （MUFA） and polyunsaturated fatty acid （PUFA） were 27.85%, 41. 74% and 30.41% respectively. The tilapia fish head oil was rich in fatty acid composition, which indicated excellent nutritional value and functionality.

关 键 词：罗非鱼头油 超临界CO2萃取 响应面 鱼油品质 脂肪酸组成 

分 类 号：TS254.9[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程] S986.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]