氮肥对不同品种紫甘薯块根营养品质的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen Levels on Nutritional Quality of Different Varieties Purple Sweetpotato Storage Roots

作　　者：吴春红[1] 孔凡美[1] 刘庆[2] 史衍玺[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,泰安271018 [2]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,青岛266109

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2015年第2期188-192,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家甘薯产业技术体系营养与栽培生理岗位经费项目(CARS-11-B-13)

摘　　要：采用田间试验方法,选用6个紫甘薯品种,设3个氮素水平0,75,150kg/hm^2纯氮（分别用N0、N1、N2表示）,研究了氮肥对紫甘薯块根中花青素、可溶性糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白质、必需氨基酸及中微量元素含量的影响。结果表明,N1处理下,济黑1号、凌紫和青紫1号块根的花青素含量最高,过量的施用氮肥导致花青素含量降低。高氮处理（N2）下,紫甘薯块根可溶性糖含量显著提高,提高幅度达20.5%~43.6%。施氮处理（N1、N2）可显著提高浙紫、紫菁2号和青紫1号块根淀粉含量,而济黑1号和凌紫的淀粉含量随施氮量增加而降低。与N0相比,施氮量达到150kg/hm2宁紫2号、紫菁2号、济黑1号和青紫1号的可溶性蛋白质含量分别提高了28.9%,24.2%,28.7%和20.4%。必需氨基酸总量及各组分含量在N1处理下达到最高值,过多的施用氮肥（N2）导致其含量下降。N1处理下,浙紫和凌紫块根中的Ca、Mg元素、紫菁2号和青紫1号的Cu、Fe元素、凌紫和青紫1号中的S元素含量均显著高于N0、N2处理。高氮处理（N2）与N0相比,浙紫和宁紫2号中的B元素、紫菁2号中的Mg元素、宁紫2号和凌紫中的Cu元素显著降低。Six purple sweetpotato varieties were used to investigate the impacts of nitrogen（N）application levels（0,75,150kg/hm^2）on nutritional quality and the content of mineral elements of purple sweetpotato roots.The contents of anthocyanin,soluble sugar,starch,soluble protein,essential amino acids and eight mineral elements were studied.The results showed that the anthocyanin concentration in the roots of jihei1,lingzi and qingzi1 was the highest at N1 than N0and N2.Compared with N0,soluble sugar concentration in the roots of purple sweetpotato significantly increased by 20.5%~43.6% at N2 treatment.Nitrogen significantly improved starch concentration in roots of zhezi,zijing2 and qingzi1,but jihei1 and lingzi contrary.Compared with N0,when N application rate reached 150 kg/hm2,the soluble protein concentration of ningzi2,zijing2,jihei1 and qingzi1increased by 28.9%,24.2%,28.7% and 20.4% respectively.The concentration of essential amino acids in the roots was the highest at N1 than N0and N2.The concentrations of Ca,Mg in the roots of zhezi and lingzi,Cu,Fe of zijing2 and qingzi1and S of lingzi and qingzi1 were significantly higher at N1 treatment than N0,N2.The concentration of B in the roots of zhezi and ningzi2,Mg of zijing2 and Cu of ningzi2 and lingzi was significantly decreased than N0.

关 键 词：氮肥 紫甘薯 花青素 可溶性糖 可溶性蛋白质 必需氨基酸 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学] S531[农业科学—农业基础科学]