高速列车空心车轴国产化的选材和试制  

Material Selection and Trial Manufacture for Localization of Hollow Axle for High Speed Train

作　　者：朱静[1,2] 顾家琳[1] 周惠华[1] 刘淑华[3] 潘涛[1,2] 王玉玲[4] 吴海英 武月英 施惠基[6] 林吉忠[3] 汝继来[3] 刘韶庆[7] 赵雷[8] 刘会英[8] 蔡明春[6] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学材料学院,北京100084 [2]钢铁研究总院工程用钢研究所,北京100081 [3]中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所,北京100081 [4]山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司,山西太原030003 [5]晋西车轴股份有限公司,山西太原030027 [6]清华大学航天航空学院,北京100084 [7]南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111 [8]青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司,山东青岛266031

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2015年第2期60-67,共8页China Railway Science

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发计划项目(2009J015);科技部创新方法工作专项项目(2009IM030600;2010IM030200);教育部自主科研计划项目(2010Z06103);北京市科技计划研发攻关项目(D090803044309001);南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司创新项目(四合2007技开王字03号)

摘　　要：通过剖析日本和欧洲（意大利、法国）产的车轴和对照国内外采用的相关技术标准,调研分析国内相关产品生产企业的装备和能力,从国内需求、材料的性价比和加工工艺的可行性等多方面考虑,确定国产高速列车空心车轴采用低合金钢材料和调质处理的热处理工艺。研发出了具有我国自主知识产权、分别适用于时速200~250和300~350km的国产化EA4T和EA4Tplus钢的空心车轴,其小试样的常规力学性能和疲劳性能均超过解剖的国外同等级车轴,特别是其缺口疲劳性能和低温冲击性能更优,并都通过了全尺寸实物疲劳试验。另外,还成功试制了30NiCrMoV12钢车轴,其成套技术可为今后车轴的选用提供参考。In this paper the material selection and manufacture of domestic hollow axle for high speed train have been researched and developed.The route of employing low alloy steels as axle materials and the quenching/tempering treatment process have been adopted based on the investigation of the imported axles from Japan and Europe（Italy and France）,national and foreign related standards as well as the survey of equipment and capacity of domestic related manufacturers.We have developed two kinds of low alloy steel hollow axles for high speed train with independent intellectual property,namely,EA4 Tfor 200~250km·h-1 and EA4 T plus for 300~350km·h-1.Both the common mechanical property and fatigue property of the small specimens are superior to those of the imported axles,especially the even more excellent notch fatigue property and low temperature impact property.Moreover,the full-size fatigue tests of EA4 Tand EA4Tplus hollow axles have been approved.Additionally,30NiCrMoV12 hollow axle for high speed train has been successfully trial-produced and its packaged technology has provided reference for axle selection in the future.

关 键 词：高速列车 空心车轴 国产化 低合金钢 调质处理 

分 类 号：U266.2[机械工程—车辆工程] U260.331.2[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]