民国时期乡村教师的生存状况  

Research on the Life of the Village School Teacher during the Republic of China

作　　者：姜朝晖[1,2] 朱汉国[3] 

机构地区：[1]德州学院历史与社会管理学院 [2]北京师范大学历史学院博士后流动站,研究人员山东德州253023 [3]北京师范大学历史学院,教授北京100875

出　　处：《史学月刊》2015年第4期67-76,共10页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学基金项目"外在规约与主体抑制:民国乡村教师研究(1927~1937)"(13YJA770012);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"民国乡村教育问题研究"(2009JJD770022)

摘　　要：从民国时期乡村教师的生活体验和其他相关研究来看,乡村教师的生存现状是工作条件艰苦,工作繁难,待遇低下;同时还遭受到乡村民众的抵触和乡村士绅的排挤,事实上沦为乡村社会的边缘人;乡村教师普遍心情苦闷,状态低迷,对自身职业的认同感不高,对自身的社会角色定位比较游移。这种生存状况反映出,在国家教育体制、专家精英和乡村社会等外在规约中成长起来的乡村教师,其在乡村教育中的主体价值和主体意识是薄弱的,并没有发挥社会所期待的"中心"或"导师"的作用。From the narration and other information of village school teachers of the Republic of China, their feelings on their occupation were less than satisfactory. They thought their work were laborious tasks, their pay was low, they were frozen out of the village society, they were always in bad frame of mind, they could not approach their job with enthusiasm. The existence of the village school teacher showed that the village school teacher was standardized and developed by the country, the village society, and educational experts, so their role consciousness as the main party in the village education was very weak. They can not act as the cultural centers or tutors as expected.

关 键 词：乡村教师 乡村教育 生存状况 

分 类 号：G525.1[文化科学—教育学] K25[文化科学—教育技术学]