表象加工水平对错误记忆的影响  

Effects of Processing Level of Mental Imagery on False Memory

作　　者：张霞[1] 刘鸣[2] 张积家[3] 

机构地区：[1]广东财经大学应用心理学系,广州510320 [2]华南师范大学心理学院,广州510631 [3]中国人民大学心理学系,北京100872

出　　处：《心理学探新》2015年第2期130-134,共5页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金专项基金项目(31140052);广东省哲学社会科学"十二五"规划2013年度学科共建项目(GD13XXL05);广东省教育科学"十二五"规划2013年度项目(2013JK065);广东财经大学校级科研项目(12YB18001)

摘　　要：从表象加工水平角度考察引发错误记忆的因素。结果发现,深的表象加工水平能够抑制诱饵词产生较大的激活,减少错误记忆的发生。随着表象加工水平的加深,有意表象的错误记忆效应显著低于无意表象,而正确记忆效应则显著高于无意表象,表明表象加工水平对错误记忆具有重要影响。根据研究结果提出表象激活混淆假设,认为人们虽然可以用表象作为信息表征的方式,却无法直接获取与之联系的激活路径。当人们推测表象激活的来源时,容易混淆表象激活的来源,产生错误记忆。The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of processing level of mental imagery on false memory,which not only would help to better understand the inner mechanisms between mental imagery and false memory,but also contribute to inform illumination about the use of guided imagery techniques in applied settings.The present study demonstrated that the processing level of mental imagery could restrain activation of critical lures,and could therefore lead to a reduction in false memory rates.Generating images of familiar objects significantly reduced false memory errors relative to the Functiononly condition in which explicit requests to generate images were not mentioned.In conclusion,the present findings demonstrated that mental imagery had a role in the creation of false memory.While it was important to mention that the author firstly explained the findings of the inner mechanisms between mental imagery and false memory from the view of the Activation of Imagery Confusing Hypothesis.Furthermore,the Activation of Imagery Confusing Hypothesis provided specific view to understand the mechanism on how mental imagery evoked false memory.

关 键 词：表象 错误记忆 表象加工水平 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]