云南茶园机械采摘适应性研究  

Research on Adaptation of Machine Picking in Yunnan Tea Garden

作　　者：刘德和 肖星[1,2] 殷丽琼[1,2] 夏锐[1,2] 孙云南[1,2] 罗琼仙[1,2] 夏丽飞[1,2] 梁名志[1,2] 方成刚[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所,云南勐海666201 [2]云南省茶树种质资源创新与配套栽培技术工程研究中心,云南勐海666201 [3]云南省农业科学院,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2015年第4期49-51,共3页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省社会发展科技计划项目(2012CH008);云南省高技术产业发展项目"云南中低产茶园改造关键技术集成与示范"

摘　　要：为探明云南茶园机采适应性，田间应用单人采茶机，以一芽一、二叶为标准芽叶，对4个采摘时期机采鲜叶的机械组成变化规律进行研究，并对比分析机采与手采的功效和成本。结果表明，应用NV60 H型单人采茶机采摘，油耗量较低，机采鲜叶完整芽叶率达64．81％。在本试验条件下，当茶树冠面上标准芽叶占新梢总数的70％～80％时，机采鲜叶的标准芽叶达66．75％～72．73％，此时期可作为机采适期。茶园中应用机械采摘比手工采摘的工效可提高10．42倍，采摘成本节省84．25％。In order to ascertain the adaptation of tea machine-picking in Yunnan, the single tea picking machine was applied in field for this experiment.Using one bud with one leaf and one bud with two leaves as standard, the variation of mechanical compositions of machine -picked tea shoots was investigated in four picking periods.The efficacy and cost of machine picking and artificial picking were comparatively analyzed, too.The results showed that under the application of NV60H single tea-picking machine, the oil consump-tion was the lowest and the intact leaf bud rate was 64.81%.Under the conditions of this experiment, when the standard bud and leaves occupied 70%~80%of new shoots in the canopy, the ratio of standard bud and leaves was 66.75%~72.73%of the fresh shoots picked by machine, so this period could be defined as the optimum machine-picking time.The application of machine picking in tea gardens could increase the efficacy by 10.42 times that of manual picking, and the picking cost could be saved by 84.25%.

关 键 词：云南茶园 机械采摘 标准芽叶 机械组成 

分 类 号：S571.109.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]