甜瓜不同变种及其杂交后代的香气特征研究  

Study on Aroma Characteristics of Different Combinations Crossed from Different Varieties of Cucumis melo L.

作　　者：张少慧[1] 刘莉[1] 周莉[1] 刘翔[1] 高星[1] 张平[2] 李志文[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300072 [2]国家农产品保鲜工程技术研究中心,天津300384

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2015年第4期816-823,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：天津市应用基础重点项目(12JCZDJC23300)

摘　　要：对4个甜瓜变种亲本及其相互间的4个杂交组合F1成熟果实中的香气组成特征及遗传表现进行了研究。结果显示:(1)甜瓜不同变种亲本成熟果实的香气组成特征差异很大,硬皮甜瓜(var.cantalupensis)变种(Charentais)香气成分主要以酯类物质为主,与呼吸跃变性状紧密相连;九碳醛类化合物是影响越瓜(var.conomon)变种八棱脆(Balengcui)的重要化合物;非呼吸跃变类型的冬甜瓜(var.inodorus)变种皇后(Queen)的特征性物质是九碳醇类化合物;其它类物质含量(OASPC)是香瓜变种(var.makuwa)甜宝(Tianbao)的一个主要特征。(2)对11个香气组成等性状进行主成分分析结果显示,前3个主成分累积贡献率达77.80%,PC1主要与酯类物质含量、香气种类数、醇类含量及醛类物质含量等呈显著相关关系,PC2则主要与其他类物质含量及乙烯释放速率显著相关,据此可将不同变种及组合区分开。(3)不同类型的香气类物质在不同变种的杂交组合中表现趋势不同,大部分的酯类化合物含量在F1代果实中居于双亲之间,且偏向于高亲值,而醛类、醇类以及其它类化合物在F1代均表现为接近低亲值。Aroma characteristics and genetic performance were analyzed in four varieties of Cucumis melo and their crossing combinations in this study.The results showed that：（1）There was great difference of aroma composition in the fruits existed among four varieties.Aroma in Charentais from var.cantalupensis was characterized by esters,closely connected with the climacteric traits.Nine-carbon aldehydes were the characteristic aromatic components in Queen（var.inodorus）which was non-climacteric accession.Aroma in Tianbao（var.makuwa）was characterized by OASPC.（2）Eleven quality traits including aroma composition were studied by principal component analysis,the result shows that the first three components contributed 77.80%.The contribution rate of PC1 was 43.37%,was significantly correlated with relative content of esters,AloPC and AIPC and the numbers of aromatic compounds.PC2 was significantly correlated with OASPC and ethylene production vate.Four different varieties of melon and their crossing combinations can be significantly distinguished by these traits.（3）The performance trends of different aroma compositionwere largely varied among four combinations from four different varieties of melon.The relative content of most of esters showed intermediate values in all of four combinations closed to the high parent values.AloPC,AIPC and OASPC showed values closed to the low parent values.

关 键 词：甜瓜 变种 香气特征 主成分分析 遗传表现 

分 类 号：Q946.8[生物学—植物学]