花牛苹果虎皮病在果皮与果肉中的发病症状及生理变化比较  

The physiological differences in peel and pulp of‘Huaniu'apples related to superficial scald

作　　者：赵波[1] 颉敏华[1,2] 王学喜[2] 吴小华[2] 陈柏[2] 张永茂[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2015年第2期84-89,共6页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160345);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-28)

摘　　要：为了探讨花牛苹果虎皮病的发生机理,对‘俄矮二号’和‘卡迪’2种花牛主栽品种在(0±0.5)℃冷藏及冷藏8个月后模拟货架10d(25℃)期间虎皮病的发病率、病情指数,以及果皮与果肉中α-法尼烯、共轭三烯、丙二醛(MDA)、总酚的含量和多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性进行测定分析.结果表明:冷藏5个月后花牛苹果果皮开始产生虎皮状病斑,6个月开始爆发,果肉始终无病斑出现;果皮中α-法尼烯、共轭三烯、MDA、总酚的平均含量及PPO的平均活性均极显著的高于果肉(P<0.01),虎皮病发生主要在果皮而非果肉;推测PPO主导的酶促褐变是虎皮病发生在果皮的主要原因,而共轭三烯的积累只是原因之一.In order to understand the mechanism of superficial scald of apples,the physiological changes in peel and pulp of‘Huaniu＇apples related to superficial scald during cold storage were investigated.The disease rate and disease index of superficial scald of‘Huaniu＇apples（two main cultivar）were determined,the content ofα-farnesene,conjugated trienes,malondialdehyde（MDA）,total phenols and the activities of polyphenol oxidase（PPO）in peel and pulp were determined during the cold storage（0±0.5）℃ for 8months,and then transferred to room temperature to simulate market shelf（25 ℃）for ten days.The results showed that the scab of superficial scald started appearing in peel after 5months of storage and then increased slightly after 6months of storage.The scab of superficial scald unfound in pulp.The content ofα-farnesene,conjugated trienes,malondialdehyde（MDA）and total phenols in peel were significantly higher than its in pulp（P〈0.01）,so as polyphenol oxidase（PPO）activity.The physiological changes indicated superficial scald occurring only in peel.It is suggested that the enzymatic browning caused by PPO is more important than the accumulation of conjugated triene for superficial scald of‘Huaniu＇apples.

关 键 词：花牛苹果 虎皮病 果皮 果肉 Α-法尼烯 共轭三烯 PPO 

分 类 号：S436.611[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]