具身模拟程度和具体性对词语效价表征的影响  

The Impact of Simulation Degree and Concreteness on the Representation of Word Valence

作　　者：章玉祉[1,2] 张积家[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学心理学系,北京100872 [2]广东技术师范学院心理健康教育与咨询中心,广州510665

出　　处：《心理科学》2015年第3期538-542,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)(项目批准号:14XNLQ05)的资助

摘　　要：采用词性判断和启动加工任务考察具身模拟程度和具体性对词语效价具身表征的影响。结果发现,在具身模拟程度低的空间表征中,只有敏感的负性词出现了效价和远近距离的相容效应;在模拟程度高的趋避表征中,正性词和负性词都与趋避动作产生了相容效应,并且具体词的效价和趋避表征之间的联结强于抽象词。The development of embodied philosophy and embodied cognition has evoked a new conception which emphasizes the importance of individual experience in language comprehension. This conception argues that language is built upon perception and action and the process of language comprehension is a simulation of the scenario described by language. Words are the basic unit of language, and emotional words are different from neutral words for their emotional valences. Emotions are closely related to the evolution of mankind. Negative emotions remind people to stay away from stimulus while positive emotions can push people toward stimulus. Can this perceptive experience be reflected in the cognitive process of word valence？ Research shows that word valence and pull-push reaction have a congruent effect, which means the ＂approach-advantage and avoid-disadvantage＂ has psychological reality. On the basis of previous studies, this research continues to investigate the impact of simulation degree and concreteness on emotional words＇ embodied representation. Experiment 1 adopted a valence decision task to explore the emotional words＇ space representation and the impact of concreteness on this characterization. The result showed that there was an interaction between valence and body-respond button distance, but the congruent effect was just found in sensitive negative words, and the concreteness had no impact of this interaction. Experiment 2 used a prime processing task to explore the emotional words＇ approach-avoid action representation and the impact of concreteness of this characterization. It was found that there were some interactions between word＇s valence and the pull-push action speed. Words concreteness affected the congruent effect and concrete words＇ congruent effect was greater than abstract words. In conclusion, the results of the study show that both simulation degree and concreteness could affect the embodied representation of word＇s valence.

关 键 词：模拟程度 具体性 词语效价 具身表征 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]