The role of exosomes in peripheral nerve regeneration  

作　　者：Rosanna C.Ching Paul J.Kingham 

机构地区：[1]Department of Integrative Medical Biology,Umea University [2]Department of Surgical & Perioperative Sciences,Umea University

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2015年第5期743-747,共5页中国神经再生研究（英文版）

基　　金：supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council,European Union and Umea University(Insamlingsstiftelsen)

摘　　要：Peripheral nerve injuries remain problematic to treat, with poor functional recovery commonly observed. Injuries resulting in a nerve gap create specific difficulties for axonal regeneration. Approaches to address these difficulties include autologous nerve grafts （which are currently the gold standard treatment） and synthetic conduits, with the latter option being able to be im- pregnated with Schwann cells or stem cells which provide an appropriate micro-environment for neuronal regeneration to occur. Transplanting stem cells, however, infers additional risk of malignant transformation as well as manufacturing difficulties and ethical concerns, and the use of autologous nerve grafts and Schwann ceils requires the sacrifice of a functioning nerve. A new approach utilizing exosomes, secreted extracellular vesicles, could avoid these complications. In this review, we summarize the current literature on exosomes, and suggest how they could help to improve axonal regeneration following peripheral nerve injury.Peripheral nerve injuries remain problematic to treat, with poor functional recovery commonly observed. Injuries resulting in a nerve gap create specific difficulties for axonal regeneration. Approaches to address these difficulties include autologous nerve grafts （which are currently the gold standard treatment） and synthetic conduits, with the latter option being able to be im- pregnated with Schwann cells or stem cells which provide an appropriate micro-environment for neuronal regeneration to occur. Transplanting stem cells, however, infers additional risk of malignant transformation as well as manufacturing difficulties and ethical concerns, and the use of autologous nerve grafts and Schwann ceils requires the sacrifice of a functioning nerve. A new approach utilizing exosomes, secreted extracellular vesicles, could avoid these complications. In this review, we summarize the current literature on exosomes, and suggest how they could help to improve axonal regeneration following peripheral nerve injury.

关 键 词：axonal regeneration EXOSOME extracellular vesicle microRNA MICROVESICLE nerve gap neurite outgrowth peripheral nerve injury Schwann cell stem cell 

分 类 号：R745[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]