超声波辅助脂肪酶水解茶叶籽油条件的优化与动力学研究  

Optimization and apparent kinetics research of tea seed oil hydrolysis catalyzed by lipase with ultrasound irradiation

作　　者：向小乐[1,2] 黄群[2] 杨万根[2] 余佶[2] 沈旭[2] 向勇平 麻成金[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]吉首大学林产化工工程湖南省重点实验室,湖南张家界427000 [2]吉首大学食品科学研究所,湖南吉首416000 [3]湖南省古丈县茶叶局,湖南古丈416300

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2015年第2期141-146,共6页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：2012年湖南省科技厅资助项目(2012NK3119);2014年吉首大学校级科研项目(14JDY063)

摘　　要：研究无溶剂体系中超声波辅助脂肪酶水解茶叶籽油,通过单因素试验和正交试验获得最佳酶解条件为:油水比2∶3(g∶m L),加酶量为茶叶籽油质量的4.5%,缓冲液初始p H 8.5,超声波处理温度50℃,搅拌转速300 r/min,反应时间19.5 h。在此条件下,茶籽油的水解率达到72.25%。对其进行了表观动力学研究,测得超声波辅助脂肪酶水解茶叶籽油的米氏常数Km为0.053 m L/g,表观活化能Ea为14.05 k J/mol,比无超声波辅助酶解的Km=4.556 m L/g和Ea=30.73 k J/mol均降低,说明超声波能促进茶叶籽油的酶解。Tea seed oil hydrolysis catalyzed by lipase under ultrasound irradiation was performed in solvent-free system. The optimized parameters were obtained by single factor and orthogonal test design as follows： oil-water ratio 2：3 （g： mL）, content of Lipase 4.5% （as oil wt）, initial pH of buffer 8.5, temperature of ultrasonic bath 50℃, mechanical agitation speed 300 r/min, reaction time 19.5 h. Under this condition, the hydrolysis rate was 72.25%. In addition, the apparent kinetic parameters Km and Ea of tea seed oil hydrolysis assisted by ultrasound were respectively measured as 0. 053 mL/g and 14.05 kJ/mol, which were less than those of controlled trial 4. 556 mL/g and 30.73 kJ/mol and suggested that ultrasonic bath could facilitate the hydrolysis of tea seed oil catalyzed by lipase.

关 键 词：超声波 脂肪酶 水解 茶叶籽油 动力学 

分 类 号：TS225.16[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]