顿悟问题解决不同阶段中工作记忆的作用  

The Effects of Working Memory on the Different Phases during Insight Problem Solving

作　　者：吕凯[1,2] 谭顶良[2] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学人文学院,无锡214122 [2]南京师范大学心理学院,南京210097

出　　处：《心理学探新》2015年第3期217-221,共5页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：江苏省教育厅高校哲学社会科学基金项目(08SJDXLX0006);江南大学人文社会科学基金项目(2007WQN010)

摘　　要：该研究探讨了顿悟问题解决不同阶段中工作记忆的作用。在实验1中,以87名大学生为被试,使用多种工作记忆广度任务和言语顿悟任务,探讨了工作记忆对于言语顿悟问题解决不同阶段的影响;在实验2中,以119名大学生为被试,使用多种工作记忆广度任务和空间顿悟任务,探讨了工作记忆对于空间顿悟问题解决不同阶段的影响。研究结果表明,初始搜索阶段与重构阶段是相对独立的两个阶段;工作记忆对于顿悟问题解决的不同阶段有着不同的影响,它主要影响顿悟问题解决的初始搜索阶段,工作记忆能力越强,初始搜索阶段所需时间越少;工作记忆对于顿悟问题解决的重构阶段无显著影响,这一点支持了关于重构内在机制的特殊过程观。This study investigated the effects of working memory on the different phases during insight problem solving by means of a phase - separating method. In experiment 1, a serial of working memory span tasks and a verbal insight task were administrated to 87 undergraduates to examine the effects of executive function on specific phases of verbal insight problem solving ; in experiment 2, a serial of working memory span tasks and a spatial insight task were administrated to 119 undergraduates to examine the effects of executive function on specific phases of spatial insight problem solving. The results suggested that： （ 1 ） insight problem solving process could be divided into several relatively independent phases; （2）the executive function as measured by working memory capacities influenced the initial searching phase significantly; （3） there was no significant relationship between working memory capacities and restructuring phase.

关 键 词：顿悟问题解决 工作记忆 阶段 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]