城邦中的三种爱智生活——苏格拉底的“临界之思”初探  

Three Kinds of Wisdom-Loving Life in Greek City-States:A Preliminary Discussion of Socrates' Critical Thinking

作　　者：贾冬阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学社会科学研究中心,海南海口570228

出　　处：《海南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2015年第3期10-17,共8页Journal of Hainan University （Humanities & Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(13CZX046);海南大学科研基金项目(ZXBJH-XK027)

摘　　要：希腊城邦的"爱智之人"不只一类,有耽于纯粹静观探究自然的"自然学家",有意欲改变世界移风易俗的"智术之师",当然还有"知-无知"的苏格拉底式的"临界哲人"。柏拉图笔下的苏格拉底所展现的哲人身姿让世人看到,城邦中的三种爱智生活其实是一种微妙之"二"——作为"爱智能"之结果的"形而上学本体论同一"与"爱智术"之结果的"虚无主义"并不构成真正的两极,二者恰恰是一体两面,互为因果。真正对其构成哲学审断的,乃是因"知-无知"而"爱智慧"的苏格拉底式的"临界之思"。The ＂philosophers＂ in Greek city-states are not only one type, and there are the ＂naturalists＂ who have indulged in the pure contemplation to explore the nature, the ＂sophists＂ who have the intention to change the existing habits and customs in the world, and the Socratic ＂critical philosophers＂ who ＂know ignorance＂. Socrates in Platonic writing exhibits a figure of the philosopher, which reveals to the world that the three kinds of wisdom-loving life are actually kind of ＂two delicate types＂. ＂The identity of metaphysics and ontology＂ as a re- sult of ＂love of intellect＂ and the ＂nihilism＂ as a result of ＂love of sophistry＂ does not constitute two real ex- tremes, but are the two sides of the same coin with the reciprocal causation. The genuine philosophical judgment should be the Socratic ＂critical thinking＂ with ＂the love of wisdom＂ out of ＂knowing ignorance＂.

关 键 词：苏格拉底 柏拉图 阿里斯托芬 泰阿泰德 智术师 

分 类 号：B502.232[哲学宗教—外国哲学]