专业学位教育中学术能力培养的错位问题检视  

Inspection into the Dislocation Problems of Academic Ability Cultivation in the Professional Degree Education

作　　者：马健生[1,2] 陈玥[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学国际与比较教育研究院 [2]北京师范大学研究生教育研究中心 [3]陕西师范大学教育学院

出　　处：《教育研究》2015年第7期40-48,共9页Educational Research

基　　金：中国学位与研究生教育学会重点课题"世界高水平大学研究生教育发展的新特点研究"(课题批准号:2013Y09)的研究成果之一

摘　　要：长期以来,专业学位教育中学术能力的培养存在错位问题,表征为培养目标、课程设置的"移花接木";论文选题与学术学位教育的趋同化明显;专业学位教育与学术学位教育的师资队伍基本是"一套人马"。而实践性较强的专业学位弱化了学术能力的培养;公众对专业学位教育中学术能力的期望偏低;专业学位教育沦为"降格了"的学术学位教育。造成这些问题的原因有对于专业学位教育学理层面的概念盲区;出于专业学位教育政策层面的制度模糊;囿于专业学位教育实践层面的操作误区;限于专业学位教育中学术内涵理解的窄化。纠正错位问题,需在认识上厘清关系,突破"二元对立"的思维方式,在政策上明晰内涵,规避"模糊性"表达的误导,在实践上共同保障,加强一体化融合。For a long period of time, there have been the dislocation problems of academic ability cultivation in the professional degree education, Which are characterized as the training objectives and curriculum are borrowed superficially from the academic degree system; topic selection of professional degree＇s dissertation is assimilated to the academic degree; teaching staff of professional degree education and academic degree education are almost identical. Meanwhile, the cultivation on students＇ academic ability has been weakened in the practice-oriented professional degree; the public expectation towards the academic ability is at lower level in the professional degree education; and the professional degree education has been descended to the degraded academic degree education. The reasons of the dislocation problems are rooted in many factors, including the misunderstanding of the concepts, the obscuring system of the educational policy, the improper policy implementation as well as the narrow understanding of academic connotation in the professional degree education. In order to eliminate the dislocation problems of the academic ability cultivation in professional degree education, three strategies need to be considered ： clarifying the relationship of the two forms of degree to break through the binary way of thinking, clearing the connotation to avoid misleading caused by expressions of fuzzy language, and promoting the integration of both degrees in practice.

关 键 词：专业学位 研究生教育 学术能力 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]