共情倾向与受害者可识别性对大学生捐款意愿的影响:共情反应的中介作用  

The Effects and Mechanism of Dispositional Empathy and Victim Identifi ability on College Students' Willingness of Donation

作　　者：邢淑芬[1] 袁萌[1] 孙琳[1] 林崇德[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学心理系北京市"学习与认知"重点实验室,北京100048 [2]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《心理科学》2015年第4期870-875,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：北京市教委社科计划面上项目"不同情境中个体的亲社会行为:可识别受害者者效应及内在心理机制研究"(SM201510028007)的资助

摘　　要：以83名大学生为研究对象,探讨共情倾向和受害者可识别性对大学生捐款意愿的交互效应及内在机制。结果表明:(1)对低共情倾向的大学生,受害者可识别性对其捐款行为不存在显著影响,对高共情倾向的大学生,受害者可识别条件下的捐款意愿显著高于不可识别条件;(2)受害者可识别性通过增加高共情倾向大学生的同情反应,进而增强其捐款意愿。Pro-social behaviors are the important contents for college students to cultivate and practice the socialist core values. Previous studies have found that identified victims will increase people’s pro-social behaviors，researchers named this phenomenon as the identifiable victim effect. In other words，the identifiability of victim is an important factor affecting people’s pro-social behaviors，while previous research on the effects of the victims on pro-social behaviors were taken mainly in the western individualistic culture background，but in our more collectivist and interdependent cultural background，the existence of this phenomenon has not confirmed through the empirical research. Based upon，this study explored whether there’re still exists identifiable victim effect and potential psychological mechanism in China，which donations behaviors of college students was the indicators of pro-social behavior.Our study randomly chosen 83 college students from 2 universities in Beijing，adopting Dispositional Empathy Scale and Empathy Response Adjective Scale to measure subject’s dispositional empathy and empathy response，and also using audio and picture materials to operate the level of identifiability of victim，to investigate the interactive effects of the college student’s dispositional empathy and victim’s identifiability on their willingness of donation and the potential psychological mechanism. Specific research procedures included：firstly，a professionally trained graduate student of psychology instructed participants completed Dispositional Empathy Scale. Secondly，after the completion of Dispositional Empathy Scale，the college students would be randomly divided into two groups，and then respectively listened to and read the materials of the identifiable and unidentifiable victim conditions. Once again，after listening to and reading the materials，the college students were asked to evaluate their emotional reactions. Finally， the experimenter let the participants to asses

关 键 词：可识别受害者效应 共情倾向 共情反应 亲社会行为 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]