孤独症谱系障碍儿童父母性格特征和家庭环境的病例对照研究  

Case-control study of parents' personality in children with autism spectrum disorder and family environment characteristics

作　　者：马居飞 匡桂芳 曲烨 赵永生[1] 马爱国[1] 韩秀霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学公共卫生学院,山东266021 [2]青岛市妇女儿童保健中心心理卫生科 [3]青岛市实验幼儿园

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2015年第6期861-863,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的探讨孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童父母性格特征和家庭环境特点及其与儿童孤独症谱系障碍发病的关系,为预防由于父母性格问题导致的孤独症儿童养育环境不良因素发生提供参考。方法应用家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV)和成人版艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)对79例孤独症谱系障碍患儿和79例正常儿童的父母进行对照研究。结果ASD组儿童父亲掩饰程度、母亲内外向、家庭亲密度、情感表达、知识性、娱乐性、道德宗教观、组织性和控制性得分均低于正常组(t值分别为-2.95,-2.33,-2.50,-3.15,-3.41,-3.15,-3.92,-3.42,P值均<0.05);病例组儿童家庭矛盾性、父亲神经质和母亲神经质得分高于正常组(t值分别为-2.50,2.29,2.23,P值均<0.05)。回归分析显示,家庭矛盾性、知识性、组织性、控制性、父亲掩饰程度、母亲内外向是孤独症谱系障碍发病的影响因素(P值均<0.05)。结论孤独症谱系障碍患儿父母性格偏离,家庭环境不良,且与患儿发病有关。应重视父母的心理健康及家庭环境的调整。Objective To investigate parents personality of children with ASD, the home environment, and their relation- ship with ASD. Methods FES-CV and EPQ were used to test the parents of 79 ASD children and 79 normal children. Results The scores of the ASD group on father＇s lie, mother＇s extroversion-introversion, family cohesion, expressiveness, intellectual-cul- tural orientation, active-recreational orientation, moral-religious emphasis, organization and controlling were significantly lower than that of the control group （ t = -2.95, -2.33, -2.50, -3.15, -3.41, -3.15, -3.92,-3.42, P〈0.05 ）. The scores of children with ASD on family conflict, parents neuroticism significantly higher than that of the control （t =-2.50,2.29,2.23, P〈0.05 ）. Regression a- nalysis indicated that the family conflict, intellectual-cultural orientation, organization, controlling, father＇ s lie and mother＂ s extro- version-introversion had relationship with ASD. Conclusion Parents personality of children with ASD and their home environment characteristics are poor, which is associated with the occurrence of ASD. We should pay close attention and adjust the mental health and family environment to the parents of ASD.

关 键 词：孤独性障碍 性格 家庭 病例对照研究 儿童 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]