微生物多糖的生物合成及代谢工程研究进展  

Progress in research on biosynthesis and metabolic engineering of microbial polysaccharides

作　　者：曾化伟[1,2] 郑惠华[1,2] 陈惠[1,2] 廖祥儒[3] 蔡宇杰[3] 

机构地区：[1]江苏安惠生物科技有限公司,江苏南通226009 [2]中国科学院微生物研究所与江苏安惠生物科技有限公司药用菌联合实验室,江苏南通226009 [3]江南大学工业微生物技术教育部重点实验室,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《陕西理工学院学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期49-58,共10页Journal of Shananxi University of Technology:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2012AA021704);江苏省科技厅企业"博士集聚"计划;江苏省农业科技支撑项目(BE2012341)

摘　　要：综述了微生物多糖的生物合成途径、基因簇结构与功能和代谢工程的研究进展。真菌多糖的合成途径主要包括:前体核苷酸糖(单糖的活化形式)的合成、合成的起始反应、重复单元的延伸、翻转和聚合、多糖的输出。多糖合成过程中涉及大量的基因,大多数基因存在多糖合成基因簇中,随着基因测序技术的发展,大量的多糖合成基因簇被发现和研究。研究表明:通过调控涉及糖核苷酸合成途径的酶水平可提高胞外多糖的产量,而增加多糖合成基因簇基因在微生物中的表达,可产生更高的多糖合成代谢流。This paper reviewed progress in research on biosynthetic pathways of microbial polysaccha- fide, gene cluster structure and function, and metabolic engineering. Biosynthetic pathways of Fungi polysaccharide include： the synthesis of precursor nucleotide sugars （the activated form of monosaccharide）, the starting reaction of the synthesis, the extension, flip and aggregation of the repeating unit, and polysaccharides output. Polysaccharide synthesis process involves a large number of genes, most of which are present in the polysaccharide synthesis gene cluster. With the development of genetic sequencing technology, a large number of polysaccharide synthesis gene clusters have been found and researched. Studies have shown that regulating enzymes involved in sugar nucleotide synthesis pathway can increase the production of extracellular polysacchafide. The increase of polysaceharide gene cluster expression in microorganisms can produce higher polysaccharide anabolic flow.

关 键 词：微生物多糖 生物合成 基因簇 代谢工程 

分 类 号：Q936[生物学—微生物学]