《史记》人名称呼变化与叙事之关系——以《项羽本纪》中对项羽称呼的变化为例  

The Changes of Appellations of Xiang Yu in Annals of Xiang Yu

作　　者：凌朝栋[1] 凌璐丝 

机构地区：[1]渭南师范学院人文与社会发展学院,陕西渭南714099

出　　处：《渭南师范学院学报》2015年第15期58-64,共7页Journal of Weinan Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目:中外<史记>文学研究资料整理与研究(13&ZD111);国家社科基金项目:<史记>选本研究(11XZW005)

摘　　要：司马迁在《项羽本纪》中以叙事者身份对项羽人生不同阶段有不同称呼,如项籍、项羽、项王、假上将军、上将军、诸侯上将军等;有些是通过人物对话对项羽有不同称呼,如刘邦称其为将军、项王、项羽,张良称其为项王、大王,樊哙称其为大王;项羽自称为籍、羽、我、吾等,项梁称其为项籍或籍,项伯称其为项王,项庄称其君王,范增称为大王、君王等。这些称呼的变化反映出司马迁寓褒贬的"春秋笔法",主体上蕴涵着对项羽一种褒扬赞赏加悲悯的感情,同时也是烘托人物形象的需要,使项羽形象生动逼真。Sima Qian used different appellations for Xiang Yu at different stages of his life in Annals of Xiang Yu in Historical Records,such as Xiang Ji,Xiang Yu,King Xiang,General,etc. Some of appellations appear in dialogues between the two sides of characters. Liu Bang named him as General,King Xiang,and Xiang Yu. Zhang Liang named King Xiang,monarch. Xiang Yu named himself as Ji,Yu,I,etc. Xiang Liang used appellations as Xiang Ji or Ji,Xiang Bo used appellations as King Xiang,Xiang Zhuang used appellations as monarch,etc. The changes of appellations display the feelings of appreciation and compassion for Xiang Yu.

关 键 词：司马迁 《项羽本纪》 称呼 变化 《史记》 

分 类 号：K234[历史地理—历史学]