不同干燥方式对香菇品质及甲醛含量的影响  

Effects of Different Drying Methods on Quality and Formaldehyde Content of Lentinula edodes

作　　者：苏倩倩[1] 陈贵堂[2] 裴斐[3] 胡秋辉[1,3] 赵立艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学食品科技学院,江苏南京210095 [2]中国药科大学药学院,江苏南京210009 [3]南京财经大学食品科学与工程学院,江苏南京210046

出　　处：《食品科学》2015年第17期33-38,共6页Food Science

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD36B02)

摘　　要：为研究热风恒温干燥、热风变温干燥和微波真空干燥对干香菇甲醛含量及品质的影响,采用不同干燥方式对香菇进行处理,并测定干燥产品的甲醛、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量、收缩率、复水率等指标。结果表明:不经预处理直接热风恒温干燥的香菇的甲醛含量高于热风变温干燥。经过预处理后再进行热风干燥的香菇中甲醛含量与直接热风干燥相比都有显著降低,但香菇的感官品质较差,收缩率较大,复水性较差,可溶性糖和蛋白质都有所损失。微波真空干燥的香菇甲醛含量比直接热风干燥低,与经预处理后热风干燥的香菇甲醛含量相近,香菇复水性适中,质地疏松。经预处理后再微波真空干燥的香菇与直接微波真空干燥相比,甲醛含量较低,可溶性糖和蛋白质含量较低,体积收缩率和复水率差别不显著。本研究为香菇干燥过程中品质和甲醛含量的控制提供一定的参考。This study aimed to examined the effects of hot-air constant temperature drying, hot-air variable temperature drying and microwave vacuum drying on formaldehyde content and quality of dried Lentinula edodes. L. edodes was treated with different drying methods, and formaldehyde content, soluble sugar, soluble protein, shrink rate, and rehydration rate of the dried products were measured. Results showed that formaldehyde content of L. edodes treated with hot-air constant temperature drying was higher than that of L. edodes treated with hot-air variable temperature drying. Formaldehyde content of L.edodes subjected to pretreatment followed by hot-air drying was reduced significantly compared to direct hot-air drying, but the former exhibited poor sensory quality, higher shrink rate, lower rehydration rate, and loss of soluble sugar and soluble protein. Formaldehyde content of L. edodes treated with microwave vacuum drying was low, and close to that of L. edodes subjected to pretreatment followed by hot-air drying. L. edodes treated with microwave vacuum drying exhibited moderate rehydration rate and loose texture. L. edodes subjected to pretreatment followed by microwave vacuum drying exhibited reduction of formaldehyde content, loss of soluble sugar and soluble protein, no significant difference with respect to shrink rate and rehydration rate compared to direct microwave vacuum drying. This study can provide certain references to control quality and formaldehyde content of L. edodes in drying process.

关 键 词：干燥 香菇 甲醛 品质 

分 类 号：TS201.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]