“神技无技”:庄子技艺美学思想的吊诡  

“Fantastic Skill without Skill”:on the Paradox of Zhuangzi's Skill Aesthetics

作　　者：陈火青[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范学院文学院,贵州贵阳550018

出　　处：《吉首大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第5期22-27,共6页Journal of Jishou University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：贵州省教育厅高校人文社会科学研究基金项目(13GH018)

摘　　要：庄子用合道的神技来取代技艺,即用道的自然无为来改铸技艺,无为是无为了,但也就没有人为之技艺了,此即"神技无技"。神技不具有技艺的规定性,技艺是目的性有为,神技是自然无为;技艺创造的是第二自然,神技则不害第一自然。神技也不是现实的技艺或其比拟,神技是对人为技艺加以"自然无为化"或"道德理想化"后的虚构,有其神秘性。神技的逻辑结果就是对现世技艺的取消与否定,如"无画之画"、"其钓莫钓"、"无乐之乐"等。神技经后世的理论转化后,实现了与技艺的统一,那时才显现出"无法之法"等艺术创造思想。Zhuangzi replaces skill with fantastic skill which conforms to Dao（meaning that everything in the world exists and develops in a natural way）,thus fantastic skill,seemingly a kind of skill,has no definitive property of skill in essence.While skill has certain purpose,fantastic skill is to do things freely in a natural way;skill is a kind of creation which damages the original nature,but fantastic skill remains it.Fantastic skill is not realistic skill or its analogy,but the naturalized or idealized imagination,being mysterious.The logic result of fantastic skill is to cancel and deny realistic skill,hence the paradoxical sayings of＂painting without painting＂and＂fishing without fish＂.After later theoretical transformation,the unity of fantastic skill and realistic skill is achieved,and then appears the idea of＂rule without rule＂in artistic creation.

关 键 词：庄子 神技 技艺 吊诡 自然无为化 

分 类 号：B83-09[哲学宗教—美学]