基于键合图理论的共轨式喷油器建模与试验  

Modeling and experiment of common rail injector based on bond graph method

作　　者：白云[1] 范立云[1] 马修真[1] 董晓露[1] 刘鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2015年第21期116-124,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51279037;51379041;51475100);教育部科学技术研究资助项目(113060A)

摘　　要：电控喷油器作为高压共轨喷油系统关键部件工作过程中涉及机、电、液多物理场耦合,为预测不同工况下系统喷油量特性,揭示系统多物理场耦合特性机理,该文考虑可变液容及燃油物性等对系统动态喷射特性的影响,运用键合图理论建立了共轨式喷油器各主要组成部件数值模型,得到了系统状态方程,通过对系统状态方程组数值求解计算,得到了不同工况下系统喷油量。建立了高压共轨喷油系统喷油量测试试验台,比较了轨压分别为80、100和120 MPa不同控制脉宽下系统喷油量测量结果与键合图数值模型计算值。结果表明计算结果与测量值最大相对误差为4%,因此基于键合图理论建立的共轨式喷油器数值模型可较好地预测系统喷油量特性。该研究对高压共轨喷油系统多物理场建模及系统喷射性能数值计算提供了参考。In order to comply with increasingly strict emission regulations and energy-saving means, it is necessary to reduce emissions and improve fuel economy and a new generation of fuel injection system has to be developed. The introduction of high pressure common rail fuel injection system certainly plays an essential role in achieving the current performance of diesel engines. As the critical component of high pressure common rail fuel injection system, electronic controlled injector involves the multi-physical fields coupled together including mechanical field, electrical field and hydraulic field during the working process. The equations of the traditional fluid dynamics modeling method are complicated. Moreover, the accuracy of solution for the system state equations increases with the complex of the numerical solution method. Power bond graph is a system dynamic graphical modeling method. It can systematically describe the composition, the transformation of the power flow and the logical relationship between variables in the system. In addition, the basic physical characteristics of the system and the relations of energy conversion and conservation also can be represented using the power bond graph method. In order to predict the fuel injection quantity characteristics of the high pressure common rail fuel injection system under different working conditions, and reveal the multi-physical fields coupling characteristic mechanism of the system, a bond graph numerical model of common rail injector is proposed based on the composition and the operating principle of the injector in this paper. The fuel physical properties and variable liquid capacitance which have influence on the dynamic injection characteristics of the system have been taken into consideration. The common rail injector bond graph model includes the main components such as high pressure fuel pipeline, high pressure fuel pipeline joint, pipeline between inlet of the injector and nozzle volume, nozzle volume, pipeline between nozzle volume and needle c

关 键 词：柴油机 模型 燃油喷射 功率键合图 高压共轨 喷油器 数值计算 

分 类 号：TK421.4[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]