不同生长阶段鳀鱼肌肉营养成分分析与评价  

Analysis and Valuation of Nutrient Components in the Muscle of Engraulis japonicus at Different Growth Stages

作　　者：刘海珍[1,2] 罗琳[1] 蔡德陵[3] 刘道辰[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源与环境学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]聊城大学环境与规划学院,山东聊城252059 [3]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《核农学报》2015年第11期2150-2157,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40276046);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G19990437)

摘　　要：为了评价鳀鱼不同生长阶段肌肉的营养品质,对鳀鱼幼鱼、中鱼、成鱼肌肉营养成分进行了分析。结果表明,鳀鱼从幼鱼到成鱼,肌肉中水分和粗灰分含量呈升高趋势,而粗蛋白和粗脂肪的含量呈显著增高趋势。3个阶段鱼肉的氨基酸组成基本一致,均含有16种氨基酸,必需氨基酸指数分别为62.76、60.21、58.92。幼鱼体内脂肪酸中二十碳五烯酸与二十二碳六烯酸的含量显著低于中鱼和成鱼,分别为12.43%、14.09%、14.71%。矿物质含量丰富,其中成鱼体内常量元素(P和Ca)含量显著高于幼鱼和中鱼,幼鱼、中鱼、成鱼均检测出微量元素Se。综上,鳀鱼幼鱼、中鱼、成鱼均含有丰富的营养成分,其中成鱼肌肉营养质量最优,其次为中鱼。本研究为鳀鱼营养学研究、综合开发利用提供了理论参考。In order to evaluate the nutritional quality of anchovy muscle,muscle components of juvenile,medium and adult anchovies were analyzed for understanding the differences of muscle nutritional component in anchovies at different growth stages. The results showed that muscle moisture and crude ash content tended to increase significantly from juvenile fish to adult fish,while crude protein and crude fat content presented a significantly increasing trend. The amino acid compositions of muscle in adults,mediums and juveniles all contained sixteen amino acids,and their essential amino acid indexes（ EAAI） were 62. 76,60. 21 and 58. 92,respectively. The contents of EPA ＋ DHA in fatty acids of adults,mediums and juveniles were 12. 43%,14. 09% and 14. 71% respectively,and ω3PUFA and ω6PUFA in the muscle of juveniles were significantly lower than those in mediums and adults. For mineral content analysis of dry samples,Se was detected for all samples,and the contents of P and Ca in the muscle of adults were significantly higher than those in juveniles and mediums. To sum up,the muscle of adult,medium and juvenile anchovies all contained rich nutrients,and the adults showed the highest nutritional quality. This study provided data support and theoretical basis for nutrition research and comprehensive development of Engraulis japonicas.

关 键 词：鳀鱼 肌肉 营养成分 氨基酸 评价 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]