认知风格对驾驶行为影响的眼动研究  

The Impact of Field Cognitive Styles on Driving:An Eye Movement Study

作　　者：胡誉龄[1] 施利承[2] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学教育科学学院,江苏226001 [2]南通大学航海医学研究所心理室,江苏226001

出　　处：《心理技术与应用》2015年第11期34-38,共5页Psychology(Techniques and Applications)

摘　　要：目的:比较两种认知风格在虚拟驾驶中是否存在差异,并结合两种认知风格的特点,补充解释交通事故频发的原因,同时也为国内驾驶员培训提供新思路。方法:运用Smart Eye眼动仪观察两种认知风格被试在兴趣区内的注视时间、注视次数,记录其在模拟驾驶过程中的实时速度、最大减速、刹车反应时等。结果:两种认知风格的被试在驾驶过程中,兴趣区内的注视次数存在显著差异(p=0.005),注视时间不存在显著差异(P=0.098)。在压力情境下,被试的实时速度(P=0.033)和最大减速(p=0.014)存在显著差异。结论:场独立者对兴趣区的注视次数更多,在相同条件下更能注意到交通环境中的关键信息。在压力情境下,驾驶者的实时速度显著提高,有更多的刹车等紧急行为。To compare the differences between the two field cognitive styles while driving in a simulative road, and explain the reasons of frequent traffic accidents and provide new ideas for the domestic driver training, data of fixation time and fixation counts were collected by Smart Eye, while real-time speed, maximum deceleration of speed and braking reaction were collected by simulation driving device. Fixation counts in AOIs of this two field cognitive styles of people had significant difference （ p = 0. 005）, and fixation time showed no significant difference （ p = 0. 098）. Both the real-time speed （ p = 0. 033 ） and the maximum deceleration of subjects showed significant differences （ p = 0. 014） under the conditon of pressure. Field-independent individuals showed more counts than field-dependent individ- uals, and noticed the key information of traffic environment. In pressure situations, the real-time speed significantly increased and more brake emergency actions occurred.

关 键 词：场独立 场依存 模拟驾驶 眼动研究 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]