识解视域下的汉语情状分析模型——以“V在+LP”构式为例  

Building the Construal-oriented Analytical Model of Chinese Aspectual System: With the V-ZAI + LP Construction as an Example

作　　者：张立飞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学博士后流动站,上海200083 [2]解放军外国语学院科研部,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《解放军外国语学院学报》2015年第6期10-19,157,共10页Journal of PLA University of Foreign Languages

基　　金：河南省哲学社会科学规划项目"类型学观照下的英汉双及物结构对比研究"(2015BYY025);中国博士后科学基金第57批面上资助项目(2015M571592)

摘　　要：本文意在构建以识解理论为根本、分层次的汉语情状分析模型。要对汉语中与情状有关的语法现象做出全面、清晰的阐述,应明晰动词、谓词以及句子这3个层次的语言单位对于情状表达的作用。形式上,动词加上宾语/补语构成谓词,谓词加上体标记构成句子。语义功能上,动词和谓词表达特定的情状框架,句子表达具体的情状类型,情状框架有被体标记识解为不同情状类型的潜势。对汉语多义构式"V在+LP"的分析发现:有些子构式表达的情状类型虽然都可视为一般意义上的状态,但其谓词表述的情状框架却不一致;有些子构式其谓词表述的情状框架相同,但突显了情状框架的不同部分。这初步表明本文构建的情状分析模型能清晰、精细地表征汉语的多种情状类型。The present paper is intended to build a construal-oriented,multi-layered analytical model of Chinese aspectual system. It is stated that the prerequisite for a comprehensive and clear account of aspectual phenomenon is to make clear the roles of three layers of units capable of expressing aspectuality,namely the verb,the predicate and the clause.In the formal level,the verb,together with the object or the complement,constitutes the predicate,while the predicate,in combination with the aspectual marker,constitutes the clause. In the semantic-functional level,the verb and the predicate denote the aspectual frame,and only the clause is capable of expressing a specific situation type.What's more,the aspectual frame has the potential of being construed into multiple situation types by the aspectual marker. Based on this framework,we analyzed the aspectual structure of the Chinese polysemous construction V-ZAI+LP and discovered that some sub-constructions could be categorized as the state aspectually but are different with regard to their aspectual frames at the predicate level,and that some sub-constructions have the same aspectual frame but with different portions of the frame being profiled. All these could be considered as the preliminary success of our framework towards giving a clear,fine-grained representation of the full range of situation types.

关 键 词：识解 情状框架 情状类型 “V在+LP”构式 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]