对立违抗症状流动儿童的心理适应、学校适应和社会适应特点分析  

Analysis of Psychological Adaptation, School Adaptation and Social Adaptation among Children with Oppositional Defiant Disorder Symptoms

作　　者：张菁宸 黎燕斌 张玉麟[1] 蔺秀云[1] 侯香凝 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2015年第6期1035-1039,1048,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：2012年度国家社会科学基金项目(12CSH014);2013年北京市优秀人才培养资助(2013D009012000004);2013年教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地自设项目的资助

摘　　要：目的:探讨有无对立违抗障碍(Oppositional Defiant Disorder,ODD)症状的流动儿童在心理适应、学校适应和社会适应上的差异,并进一步探讨有ODD症状儿童的不同类型(单纯ODD症状流动儿童、ODD伴注意力缺陷多动(Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)症状儿童、ODD伴ADHD及品行障碍(Conduct Disorder,CD)症状儿童在心理适应、学校适应和社会适应上的特点。方法:从北京10所小学中选取有ODD症状的儿童369名(单纯ODD症状101名,ODD+ADHD症状204名,ODD+ADHD+CD症状63名)及没有ODD症状的对照组儿童349名。由儿童填写心理适应(包括心理弹性、自尊、抑郁、愤怒情绪调节)、学校适应(包括班级氛围、师生关系)和社会文化适应量表。结果:1ODD症状流动儿童在心理适应、学校适应和社会适应上显著差于对照组儿童;2有ODD症状的三组内部相比,ODD+ADHD症状组、ODD+ADHD+CD症状组儿童在愤怒情绪调节、师生关系上显著差于单纯ODD症状组儿童;3ODD症状流动儿童在心理适应、学校适应和社会适应上存在显著的相关关系。结论:ODD症状流动儿童在心理适应、学校适应和社会适应都显著差于对照组儿童,且与ADHD、CD共病后的适应能力更差。Objective： To explore the charateristics of the psychological adaptation, school adaptation and social adaptation in migrant children with pure oppositional defiant disorder（ODD）, migrant children with comorbid ODD symptoms and Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD） symptoms group, and migrant children with comorbid ODD, ADHD and Conduct Disorder（CD） symptoms group. Methods： 369 migrant children with ODD symptoms（101 of pure ODD symptoms,204 of ODD＋ADHD symptoms, 63 of ODD＋ADHD＋CD symptoms） and 349 healthy migrant children participated the study. All of the participants were asked to complete the Resilience Scale, Self-Esteem Scale, Depression Scale, Children＇s Emotion Management Scales, Class Climate Scale, Teacher-Student Relationship Scale, Socio-cultural Adaptation Scale.Results： ①Compared with comparison group, migrant children with ODD symptoms scored significantly lower in psychological adaptation, school adaptation and social adaptation. ②Compared with pure ODD symptoms group, ODD＋ADHD symptoms group and ODD＋ADHD＋CD symptoms group scored significantly low in anger management and teacher-student relationship. ③Psychological adaptation, school adaptation and social adaptation were significantly correlated with each other. Conclusion： Migrant children with ODD symptoms have problems in psychological adaptation, school adaptation and social adaptation, and the adaptation is much worse if ODD symptoms comorbid with ADHD symptoms and CD symptoms.

关 键 词：流动儿童 对立违抗障碍 心理适应 学校适应 社会适应 

分 类 号：R395.2[哲学宗教—心理学]