空军某飞行部队膳食调查与分析  

DIETARY SURVERY AND ANALYSIS OF ONE AIRFORCE TROOP

作　　者：杜鹏[1] 李彤[1] 杨昌林[1] 罗丽华[1] 穆慧玲[1] 王若永[1] 辛益妹[1] 史志广[2] 刘瑰丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]空军航空医学研究所 [2]93735部队

出　　处：《解放军预防医学杂志》2015年第6期628-630,共3页Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：总后勤部重大专项课题(No.AKJ11J002)

摘　　要：目的调查分析空军某飞行部队膳食状况,为指导飞行员合理膳食提供依据。方法采用称量法,调查空军某部飞行部队空勤灶的膳食情况,以《军人食物定量》和《军队营养素供给量》标准评价膳食质量。结果该空军部队飞行员粮谷类(84.2%)、奶及奶制品(46.7%)、蔬菜(54.3%)、肉禽水产类(55.9%)摄入量均偏低,水果摄入基本符合军标要求(107.0%),蛋类(121.0%)、豆类及其制品(193.8%)摄入超标;钠、铁、钾摄入量偏高,分别为推荐摄入量的2.87、1.97和1.53倍,碘(9.2%)摄入量严重不足;维生素A、B1、B2、C摄入不足,分别为摄入量低限的85.8%、80.0%、85.0%和80.5%;胆固醇摄入量超标(111.4%),叶酸(60.3%)、膳食纤维(67.6%)摄入量不足。饮食结构呈"高蛋白、高脂肪、低碳水化合物"模式,蛋白质、脂肪供能比分别为17%、47%,均超标;而碳水化合物供能比仅为36%,低于军标规定的低限。早餐(25%)、午餐(34%)供能比低于推荐量,晚餐供能比(41%)高于推荐量。结论该空军部队飞行员食物摄入量不够均衡,饮食结构不尽合理,三餐供能比有待调整。应注意加强对飞行员的膳食营养健康教育和引导。Objective To investigate the dietary intakes of the airforce troops,and so as to provide the guide for balanced diet. Methods Dietary survey of one airforce troop was carried out by weighing method. Criteria of ＂ Daily Dietary Allowances For Soldier＂ and ＂ Dietary Ration For Soldier＂ were used to estimate the dietary quality. Result The ratio of cereals,milk and milk products,vegetables,meat and poultry intakes was low,which reached 84. 2%,46. 7%,54. 3% and 55. 9% of the criteria requirement respectively. Fruits intakes met the requirement of the criteria（ 107. 0%）. Eggs（ 121%）,legumes and their products（ 193. 8%） intakes were beyond the requirement of the criteria. Sodium,iron and potassium intakes were 2. 87,1. 97 and 1. 53 times as much as the recommended intakes respectively. Iodine intake,which reached 9. 2% of the criteria,was quite low. The intakes of vitamin A,B1,B2,C were 85. 8%,80. 0%,85. 0% and 80. 5% of the low limit of recommended intakes. Cholesterol intakes were high（ 111. 4%） while folic acid（ 60. 3%）,dietary fiber（ 67. 6%） intakes were not enough. Dietary pattern was ＂ high protein,high fat and low carbohydrate＂. The ratio of energy from protein and fat was 17% and 47% respectively while 36% from carbohydrate. The ratio of energy from breakfast（ 25%）and lunch（ 34%） were lower than recommendation while supper（ 41%） was beyond the recommendation. Conclusion Food intakes of this air force troop are not balanced and the dietary pattern is not reasonable. Energy ratios from three meals a day should be adjusted. Nutrition education and direction for the air force pilots should be strengthened.

关 键 词：膳食调查 飞行员 营养调查 

分 类 号：R151.42[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]