骨科机器人及导航技术研究进展  

A review of robot system and its navigational system in orthpaedic surgery

作　　者：赵燕鹏[1] 唐佩福[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院骨科,北京100853

出　　处：《中国矫形外科杂志》2016年第3期242-246,共5页Orthopedic Journal of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:31271000);国家863计划(编号:2012AA041604);军队十二五计划(编号:BWS11J113)

摘　　要：随着微创外科技术、精准医疗的不断发展,骨科机器人及其导航技术引起了人们的广泛关注。凭着智能、微创、精准等基本特性,骨科机器人在应用中展现出巨大的应用价值,有力地改善了传统骨科手术损伤大、辐射量高、操作不精确等状况。骨科机器人从早期的基于工业化机器人改造逐渐发展为专用骨科机器人,体积由大到小,功能由简单到复杂,智能化程度不断提高,甚至实现了远程遥控操作。骨科机器人的操作离不开导航技术的引导,各种导航技术不断涌现,产生了基于CT、2D透视、3D透视、无图像、超声、电磁等导航系统,以及多模态导航。由此,本文主要对骨科机器人及其导航技术的基本特征、分类进行总结。Orthopaedic robots and its navigation systems attracts more and more attention with the development of minimal invasive surgery and precision medicine, and has presented great prospective in clinical application due to intelligent, invasive and precise features. Orthopaedic robots have evolved from industrial robots into specific robots, with smaller volume, multiple functions, more artificial intelligence, and even remote manipulation. Navigation systems play crucial role in robots assisted ortho- paedic surgery. Many new guidance systems have been inventioned and applied based on different navigation techniques, such as CT scan, fluoroscopy, imageless technique, ultrasound, electromagnetism, and multimodal navigation. This paper mainly intro- duced the essential features and category of orthopaedic robots and its navigation systems.

关 键 词：机器人 计算机辅助骨科手术 导航 

分 类 号：R687[医药卫生—骨科学] TP242[医药卫生—外科学]