彩色谷物营养组分与复配技术研究  

Nutrition component and compound technology of color grain

作　　者：王伟[1] 陈志成[1] 魏壹纯 苏东民[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学粮油食品学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《粮食与饲料工业》2016年第2期5-9,共5页Cereal & Feed Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31171789)

摘　　要：为找出单一谷物的营养缺陷及各种粉的营养互补优势,选取10种谷物,利用实验制粉得到10种原料粉,分析其主要营养成分,利用拟定的几组复配比例,分析复配后彩色小麦粉、彩色玉米粉和彩色大米粉的营养指标。研究结果表明,彩色小麦粉的蛋白质、矿物质、氨基酸等营养物质含量普遍高于普通小麦粉,其中蛋白质较普通小麦粉增幅9.55%~17.68%,赖氨酸增幅17.39%~34.78%,锌、铁、镁增幅分别为108.54%~142.68%、8.57%~42.86%、5.31%~40.63%;彩色玉米粉的脂肪、膳食纤维和赖氨酸含量均高于彩色小麦粉,其中赖氨酸比彩色小麦粉高出7.41%~56.52%,比彩色大米粉高出7.42%~33.33%;彩色大米粉与彩色小麦粉和彩色玉米粉相比,各项营养指标普遍较低。通过分析彩色谷物粉的不同配比对复合粉营养品质的影响,可以得出彩色小麦复合粉的最优组合为黑麦粉∶绿麦粉∶蓝麦粉=2∶3∶1,彩色大米复合粉的最优组合为籼米粉∶粳米粉∶黑米粉=2∶3∶1,彩色玉米复合粉的最优组合为黄玉米粉∶白玉米粉∶黑玉米粉=1∶3∶3。In order to find nutritional deficiencies of single grain and nutrition complementary advantages of various kinds of powder,we used the experimental milling to obtain 10 kinds of raw materials,and analyzed main nutrients.Using the proposed several mixed proportions,we analyzed the nutrition indicators of color powders（wheat,corn and rice）.The results showed that the content of protein,amino acid,mineral substance and other nutrition of color wheat powder was generally higher than that of common wheat,the protein content was increased by 9.55% to 17.68% compared with ordinary wheat,lysine content was increased by 17.39%to 34.78%,the growth of zinc,iron and magnesium were 108.54%to 142.68%,8.57%to 42.86%and 5.31%to 40.63%,respectively;the content of fat,dietary fiber and lysine of color corn powders were higher than that of color wheat powder,lysine content was 7.41%~56.52% higher than that of color wheat powder,and 7.42%~33.33% higher than that of the color rice powder;compared with color wheat powder and color corn powder,the nutrition indicators of color corn powder were generally lower.By analyzing the influence of different proportions of color grain powders on composite powder nutritional quality,we choosed black wheat∶green wheat∶blue wheat=2∶3∶1as the optimal combination of color wheat composite flour,indica rice∶rice∶black rice=2∶3∶1as the optimal combination of color rice composite powders,yellow corn∶white corn∶black corn=1∶3∶3as the optimal combination of color corn composite powders.

关 键 词：彩色谷物 营养成分 组分分析 复配粉 

分 类 号：TS210.4[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]