无砟轨道复合不平顺对高速行车的影响  

Influence of ballastless track complex irregularities on high-speed train

作　　者：蔡小培[1] 郭亮武 侯博文[1,2] 任闯闯 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044 [2]北京交通大学轨道工程北京市重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报》2016年第1期12-19,共8页JOURNAL OF BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY

基　　金：北京市科技新星计划项目资助(XX2013012);国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1234201;51578053);中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划项目资助(2012G003-A)

摘　　要：轨道复合不平顺是由多种垂、横向不平顺叠加而成的复杂随机波,是影响轮轨动态作用和行车稳定的重要因素.为研究高速铁路无砟轨道复合不平顺对行车品质的影响,考虑轮轨间复杂接触关系建立了车辆轨道空间耦合动力学模型,分析了轨向-水平、轨向-高低、轨距-水平、轨距-高低4种复合不平顺的动力影响.结果表明:随着复合不平顺幅值的增加,轮轨力、车体加速度、轮重减载率、脱轨系数等均会增大;轮轨力、舒适性指标和安全性指标随着复合不平顺波长的增大而减小;复合不平顺幅值组合变化时,车辆动力响应对水平、高低不平顺幅值变化的敏感程度高于轨向、轨距不平顺幅值变化.长波不平顺激扰频率与车体自振频率一致或接近时,车体会出现一定的谐振,垂、横向振动加速度有所增加.Track complex irregularities are complex random waves composed of different vertical and lateral irregularities,which is an important factor to the wheel/rail dynamic interaction and the train running stability.To study the effect of ballastless track complex irregularities on the train running state in high-speed railway,a vehicle-track coupling dynamic model is established considering the complex wheel/rail contact relation,and the influence law of four types of irregularities which include alignment-level,alignment-longitudinal level,gauge-level and gauge-longitudinal level are analyzed respectively.The results show that with the rise of amplitude of complex irregularities,wheel/rail force,car body acceleration,rates of wheel load reduction and derailment coefficient are increased.Various dynamic index such as wheel-rail force,comfort index and safety index decrease when irregularity wavelengths become longer.The dynamic response of vehicle is more sensitive to the level and longitudinal level irregularities than the alignment and gauge irregularities.When the excitation frequency of long wavelength is identical or close to the natural frequency of car body,the car body appears a certain resonance and its vertical and lateral acceleration increases.

关 键 词：无砟轨道 复合不平顺 高速铁路 动力响应 

分 类 号：U213.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]