杭州市居民膳食铅、镉摄入水平分析  

Dietary intakes of lead and cadmium among residents in Hangzhou city

作　　者：刘辉[1] 戚建江[1] 朱晓霞[1] 印晓虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,浙江310021

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2016年第3期349-352,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：杭州市科技发展计划(20100933B06)

摘　　要：目的了解浙江省杭州市居民膳食铅、镉摄入情况,为开展相关膳食安全性评价提供科学依据。方法采用3 d食物称重法和3 d 24 h回顾法收集1 744名调查对象食物消费量数据,检测烹调后代表性食物样品中的铅、镉含量,计算个人摄入量并与相应摄入限值进行比较。结果杭州市居民每周膳食铅摄入量中位数为0.009 2 mg/kgbw,为铅暂定每周可耐受摄入量（PTWI）的37.0%;每月膳食镉摄入量中位数为0.000 93-0.005 3 mg/kgbw,占镉暂定每月可耐受摄入量（PTMI）的3.7%-21.0%;各年龄组铅、镉摄入量总体存在差异（均P〈0.001）,其中未成年人铅摄入量中位数为0.011 mg/kgbw,镉摄入量中位数为0.000 77-0.016 mg/kgbw,均高于其他各年龄组（均P〈0.008,多次两两比较调整后α值）;谷类食物对个体膳食铅、镉摄入贡献率最高,分别为78.9%和44.8%。结论杭州市居民膳食铅、镉摄入量总体处于安全水平,但儿童青少年的摄入量较成人偏高,应引起重视。Objective To study dietary intakes of lead and cadmium among residents in Hangzhou city and to provide scientific bases for food-safety assessment. Methods Both food weighting and food recording were conducted among 1 744 community residents（ 7- 95 years old） selected with stratified cluster random sampling to collect information on total food consumption during 3 continuous days. Both lead and cadmium contents in the representative food samples were detected. Individual intake rates were then calculated and compared with corresponding tolerable limit values.Results The medians of dietary intake of lead and cadmium were 0. 009 2 mg / kgbw per week（ accounting for 37. 0%of provisional weekly tolerable intake） and 0. 000 93- 0. 005 3 mg / kgbw per month（ accounting for 3. 7%- 21. 0% of provisional monthly tolerable intake） among the participants. The levels of lead and cadmium intake were different among the participants of 4 different age groups（ P〈 0. 001）. The medians of dietary lead and cadmium intake among the young participants under the age of 18 years were 0. 011 mg / kgbw per week and 0. 000 77- 0. 016 mg / kgbw per month,respectively,and were higher than those of other age groups after multiple comparisons（ P 〈0. 008）. Cereal food is the dominant contributor to individual dietary intake of lead and cadmium,accounting for 78. 9% and 44. 8% of overall intake,respectively. Conclusion The dietary intakes of lead and cadmium are generally under the health thresholds in the residents of Hangzhou city,but relatively higher in the children and adolescents than in the adults.

关 键 词：总膳食 铅 镉 膳食摄入量 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]