上海市235名素食者素食类型和时间对其体成分的影响  

Effects of vegetarian type and duration on body composition in 235 Shanghai vegetarians

作　　者：毛绚霞[1] 沈秀华[1] 唐文静[1] 赵烨[1] 彭一航[1] 赵诣[1] 汤庆娅[1] 蔡威[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院医学院营养系,上海200092

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（医学版）》2016年第3期418-422,共5页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University:Medical Science

基　　金：中国红十字会"中国肯德基餐饮健康基金"(2011)~~

摘　　要：目的了解不同素食类型和素食时间对素食者体成分状态的影响。方法 2012年4月—2013年7月在上海市市中心10家素餐馆中招募愿意接受调查的上海市区成年健康素食者235名,按照素食类型分为全素组（n=99）和奶蛋素组（n=136）,按照素食时间分为素食〈5年组（n=157）和素食≥5年组（n=78）,分别实施问卷调查,测量身高和体质量,采用人体成分分析仪进行体成分测量。结果多因素分析发现：校正年龄、性别和素食时间后,全素组与奶蛋素组人体蛋白质、骨骼肌、矿物质及脂肪的百分含量等体成分指标的差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;校正年龄、性别、素食时间和膳食能量摄入量后,两组超重/肥胖的发病危险性无显著差异（P〉0.05）,但奶蛋素组发生中心性肥胖的危险性显著低于全素组（OR=0.164,95%CI 0.048~0.554,P=0.004）;素食〈5年组与素食≥5年组上述指标的差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论不同素食类型和素食时间长短对各项体成分指标无明显影响;奶蛋素可能比全素更有助于降低发生中心性肥胖的危险性,但尚需进一步研究加以证实。Objective To explore the effects of vegetarian type and duration on body composition in vegetarians.Methods Two hundred and thirty-five healthy adult vegetarians willing to be surveyed were enrolled from 10 vegetarian restaurants in Shanghai from April 2012 to July 2013.Vegetarians were assigned to vegan group（n= 99） and lacto-ovo-vegetarian group（n= 136） according to vegetarian type and 〈5 year group（n=157） and ≥5 year group（n = 78） according to vegetarian duration.Vegetarians were surveyed with questionnaires.Their body height and weight were measured and body composition was detected by a human body composition analyzer.Results Multivariate analysis showed that differences in body composition indexes such as body protein,skeletal muscle,body mineral and body fat between the vegan group and the lacto-ovovegetarian group were not statistically significant after adjusted for age,sex and vegetarian duration（P〉0.05）.The difference in the risk of overweight/obesity between two groups was not significant after adjusted for age,sex,vegetarian duration and dietary energy intake（P〉0.05）,but the risk of central obesity in the lacto-ovovegetarian group was markedly lower than that in the vegan group（OR = 0.164,95%CI 0.048- 0.554,P = 0.004）.The differences in above indexes between the 〈5 year group and the ≥ 5 year group was not statistically significant（P 〉 0.05）.Conclusion Different vegetarian types and durations have no obvious impact on body composition indexes.The risk of central obesity in lacto-ovo-vegetarians may be lower than that in vegans,but further studies are needed to confirm this finding.

关 键 词：素食 全素 奶蛋素 体成分 肥胖 

分 类 号：R151.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]