中国高校学术英语存在理论依据探索  

Theoretical Foundations of EAP as an Independent Course in Chinese Tertiary Education

作　　者：蔡基刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学外文学院,上海200433

出　　处：《外语电化教学》2016年第1期9-16,共8页Technology Enhanced Foreign Language Education

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"转型时期大学英语教学发展现状调查及对我国外语人才培养政策制定的影响研究"(项目编号:09BYY027F);国家语委科研重点项目"汉英学术语篇阅读效率及信息加工对比研究"(项目编号:ZDIII125-57);上海市教育委员会教育科学研究重点项目"上海高校实施从通用英语向学术英语转型的大学英语教学改革行动研究"(项目编号:A1301)的部分研究成果

摘　　要：《大学英语教学指南》确认了学术英语的教学地位,但同时认为学术英语可以融入到通用英语教学中。我们认为,学术英语和通用英语在各个方面都有很大的差异。定位上,前者是学生专业需求驱动的,后者是语言学习驱动的;应用上,前者是为当下专业学习服务的,是即时的,后者是缺位的,或为未来工作服务的,是延时的;语言上,前者在词汇阅读等要求上要远远高于后者,因为它要满足专业需求;教材上,前者强调信息性学术性,目的是提高学生汲取和交流信息的能力,后者注重趣味性可思性,目的是模仿和习得地道优美的语言;能力上,前者是培养学科领域内的口语和书面交流能力,后者是提高一般语言水平,尤其是听说能力,以应对日常交流;方法上,前者是基于真实项目的教学法,后者是基于模拟假象的任务教学法;素养上,前者培养以批判性思辨能力为核心的科学素养,后者强调人文素质,课堂灌输主流人文价值观。这些差异决定了学术英语难以融入通用英语。学术英语必须独立开设,并成为大学英语的主流课程。The newly published College English Teaching Guidelines recognizes the necessity of teaching English for Academic Purposes （EAP）, but it suggests that EAP could be incorporated into the mainstream course of English for General Purposes （EGP）. Through the analysis we find there are critical discrepancies between EAP and EGP in terms of objectives and methods. EAP is needs-driven while EGP is learning-driven ; EAP serves the current needs of students＇ disciplinary studies while EGP helps students to lay linguistic foundation and prepares students for future careers which are not clear for the majority of them ; EAP requires higher linguistic ability of students who need to use English for their academic studies than EGP; EAP provides materials which are informative regardless of the writers＇ linguistic and cultural background while EGP＇s materials pursue interesting topics and idiomatic language written by native speakers; EAP is genre-based; cuhivating students academic literacies in particular disciplinary communities while EGP develops general communicative competence in daily life; EAP is project-based while EGP is task-based, EAP promotes students＇ critical thinking ability while EGP advocates the cuhivation of the mainstream culture and social values. Those differences rule out the possibility to teach EAP in current EGP courses.

关 键 词：大学英语 通用英语 学术英语 专门用途英语 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]