2011—2014年甘肃省嘉峪关市即食食品金黄色葡萄球菌污染调查  

Investigation on contamination of Staphylococcus aureus in instant food in Jiayuguan from 2011 to 2014

作　　者：李建兵[1] 张璟[2] 胡晓宁[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省嘉峪关市疾病预防控制中心,甘肃嘉峪关735100 [2]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心,兰州730000

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2016年第2期78-80,共3页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

摘　　要：目的了解甘肃省嘉峪关市即食食品中金黄色葡萄球菌污染状况、产肠毒素特性和耐药性,为预防金黄色葡萄球菌引起的食物中毒提供依据。方法依据中华人民共和国国家标准《食品卫生微生物学检验金黄色葡萄球菌检验》GB4789.10-2010对943份即食食品中金黄色葡萄球菌分离鉴定,用mini-VIDAS和ELISA方法测定金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素(SEA-SEE),微量肉汤法进行药物敏感(药敏)试验。结果各类即时食品中金黄色葡萄球菌总检出率为3.92%,高风险食品有沙拉(25.00%)、鲜榨果蔬汁(20.00%)和非发酵豆制品(20.00%);肠毒素产毒率为72.97%,主要毒素型为A型;耐药率为70.27%,主要对红霉素、克林霉素、四环素3种抗生素耐药。结论嘉峪关市即食食品中存在金黄色葡萄球菌的污染,尤其在沙拉、鲜榨果蔬汁、非发酵豆制品中污染比较严重;食源性金黄色葡萄球菌产肠毒素能力较强;耐药率高及多重耐药菌的出现提示安全用药的重要性。Objective To investigate the contamination status, staphylococcal enterotoxin-producing property and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus（S. aureus） in instant food in Jiayuguan so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of food borne diseases. Methods According to GB 4789.10-2010, 943 food samples were detected for enterotoxin-producing staphylococcus by mini-VIDAS and ELISA and the bacteria isolated by broth dilution technique to test their drug sensitivity. Results Totally, 37 strains of S. aureus were identified in 943 food samples, with an incidence of 3.92%. The high-risk food were salad（25.00%）, fresh fruit and vegetable juice（20.00%） and non fermented bean products（20.00%）. The positive rate of enterotoxin-producing was 72.97%, with the main type of SEA. Antibiotic-resistant rate was 70.27%, with multi-resistant bacteria accounting for 40.54%, mainly to erythromycin, clindamycin and tetracycline. Conclusions Some instant foods are contaminated with S.aureus, especially in salad, fresh fruit and vegetable juice, and non fermented bean products. Foodborne S.aureus has relatively high capability of producing enterotoxin. Existence of high and multiple drug-resistant bacteria prompts the importance of drug safety.

关 键 词：金黄色葡萄球菌 即食食品 肠毒素 耐药性 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]