边销茶中氟暴露的评估  

Exposure assessment of fluoride in tea for sale in border areas

作　　者：宋雁[1] 包汇慧[1] 隋海霞[1] 毛伟峰[1] 周萍萍[1] 雍凌[1] 张磊[1] 刘兆平[1] 李宁 

机构地区：[1]国家食品安全风险评估中心/卫生部食品安全风险评估重点实验室,北京100022

出　　处：《毒理学杂志》2016年第2期118-121,共4页Journal of Toxicology

摘　　要：目的利用我国边销茶消费调查数据初步评估边销茶中氟暴露水平及其潜在健康风险。方法采用国际通用的科学文献数据提取方法,获得边销茶中氟含量和浸出率数据,采用24 h回顾法调查我国3个边销茶消费地区成年人群的边销茶消费状况,通过简单分布评估方法计算该人群边销茶氟暴露水平,基于现有健康评价标准进行风险评估。结果检索关于边销茶中氟含量文献,依据5篇文献中综述,边销茶中氟含量范围为52.5-1671.2 mg/kg,平均含量为751.5mg/kg。我国成年人通过饮用边销茶,平均每日摄入氟0.150 mg/kg·bw,是氟的可耐受摄入量（0.058 mg/kg·bw）的2.6倍,超过可能会导致饮茶者氟骨症发生的每日人均氟摄入量（0.104 mg/kg·bw）。边销茶高消费人群（P95）的每日氟摄入量为0.516 mg/kg·bw,为氟的可耐受摄入量的8.9倍,为四川阿坝藏族居民III度氟骨症患者从饮砖茶中每日人均氟摄入量（0.213 mg/kg·bw）的2.4倍。结论目前,我国边销茶中氟含量较高,可能会对成年饮茶者造成较高健康风险,应采取有效措施进行控制。Objective To study fluoride dietary intake level and potential health risks in tea for sale in border areas in Chinese adults based on the consumption data of tea for sale in border areas. Methods The available data of the concentrations and the leaching rate of fluoride in tea for sale in border areas was systematically analysed according to international scientific literature screening method. The consumption of brick tea in Chinese adults was investigated in 2014 - 2015 by 24 hour dietary retrospective method. Based on the deterministic assessment model, the dietary intake of fluoride in tea for sale in border areas in Chinese adults was calculated. Results By analysizing 46 available scientific literatures of fluorine concentration and leaching rate, based on 5 reviews, the range of concentration fluoride in tea for sale in border areas was 52.5 - 1671.2 mg/kg, the average concentration was 751.5 mg/kg, the leaching rate was 83.37% . In tea consumption population, average exposure level of fluoride was 0. 150 mg/kg, bw per day, which was i. 4 times more than tolerable upper intake levels （0. 058 mg/kg, bw） and higher than fluorine intake level from tea for sale in border areas in the residents who had skeletal fluorosis; the exposure level of fluoride in high consumers （P95） was 0. 516 mg/kg.bw per day, which was 7.9 times more than UL and 1.4 times more than fluorine intake level （0. 213 mg/kg.bw） from tea for sale in border areas in Siehuan Aba Tibetan and Inner Mongolia Chenqi Mongolian residents who had III degree of skeletal ftuorosis. Conclusion The concentration of fluoride in tea for sale in border areas is high, and fluoride may cause higher health risk to tea drinkers. Some effective measures should be taken to solve this problem.

关 键 词：边销茶 氟 简单分布评估 

分 类 号：TS272.5[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] R155[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]