采后柑橘与胶孢炭疽菌互作过程中果皮成分的动态变化  

Dynamic Changes in Chemical Components of the Pericarp of Postharvest Citrus Fruit Inoculated with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

作　　者：盖智星 贺明阳[1,2,3] 曾小峰[1] 黄小兰[1] 王日葵[1,2,3] 周炼[1,2,3] 韩冷[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学柑桔研究所,重庆400712 [2]中国农业科学院柑桔研究所,重庆400712 [3]国家柑桔工程技术研究中心,重庆400712

出　　处：《食品科学》2016年第10期266-271,共6页Food Science

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203034);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(XDJK2013C014);重庆市应用开发计划项目(cstc2013yykfA80008);重庆市科技支撑示范工程项目(cstc2014fazktjcsf80007)

摘　　要：目的：探究柑橘胶孢炭疽菌（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides）侵染过程中柑橘果皮细胞壁降解相关酶（cell wall degrading enzymes,CWDEs）、细胞壁成分和防御相关酶活性的动态变化,为进一步研究胶孢炭疽菌致病机理提供理论参考。方法：柑橘果实接种胶孢炭疽菌后,不同培养时间取样测定,并比较分析果皮成分变化。结果：胶孢炭疽菌侵染的柑橘组织中均能产生多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）、果胶甲基半乳糖醛酸酶（PMG）、纤维素酶（Cx）、β-葡萄糖苷酶（β-Glu）、角质酶,且均在侵染前期（1-3 d）达到峰值。纤维素、半纤维素、果胶等细胞壁组分含量随胶孢炭疽菌的侵染而降低,木质素含量随胶孢炭疽菌的侵染而升高。胶孢炭疽菌侵染后,柑橘组织中的过氧化物酶（POD）活性、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性、丙二醛（MDA）含量总体呈上升趋势。结论：CWDEs和角质酶在炭疽病发病前期起到重要的致病作用,其对果皮细胞壁组分的降解加速了胶孢炭疽菌的侵入;另外胶孢炭疽菌的侵染加速了寄主细胞质膜的过氧化。Objective： To examine dynamic changes in the activities of various cell wall-degrading enzymes（CWDEs）, the contents of cell wall components and the activities of defense-related enzymes in citrus pericarp tissues infected with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, aiming to gain more knowledge on the interaction between C. gloeosporioides and citrus fruits. Methods： Chemical components of the pericarp of citrus fruit inoculated with C. gloeosporioides were detected and comparatively analyzed during different sampling periods. Results： The activities of CWDEs including polygalacturonase（PG）, polymethyl-galacturonase（PMG）, carboxymethyl cellulose（Cx） and β-glucosidase（β-Glu） were detected in the infected tissue. The activities of CWDEs and cutinase remained at higher levels during the early infection period（day one to three post infection）. The cell wall components including cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin showed a declining trend, but lignin content showed a rising trend during the infection of C. gloeosporioides. The activities of peroxidase（POD） and catalase（CAT） and the content of malonaldehyde（MDA） showed a rising trend in the citrus pericarp tissues infected with C. gloeosporioides. Conclusion： The CWDEs and cutinase play an important pathogenic role during the early stage of anthracnose, which accelerates the infection of pathogenic fungi by degrading the cell wall components. In addition, the infection of C. gloeosporioides accelerates membrane lipid peroxidation in host cells.

关 键 词：柑橘 胶孢炭疽菌 细胞壁降解酶 细胞壁成分 防御酶 

分 类 号：S609.3[农业科学—园艺学] S666.4