武术散打与奥运会同类项目技术标准化水平比较——以拳击、摔跤、柔道、跆拳道项目为例  

A Comparative Study of Technique Standardization Level between Wushu Sanda and Olympic Similar Sports——Based on Boxing,Wrestling,Judo and Taekwondo

作　　者：范铜钢[1] 郭玉成[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院武术学院,上海200438

出　　处：《上海体育学院学报》2016年第3期62-67,86,共7页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(12BTY052)

摘　　要：按照技术结构、技术规格、技术评判、技术犯规的结构,对武术散打与奥运会同类项目的标准化水平进行比较。结果显示:武术散打综合性技术结构促使其采取简化标准理念,模糊性技术规格促使其采取统一化标准理念,普遍性技术评判促使其采取组合化标准理念,消极性犯规细则促使其采取系列化标准理念。认为:武术散打标准化在技术结构标准方面,应提炼典型技术内容,厘定基本技术结构,区别同类项目技法;在技术规格标准方面,应简化技术得分范围,规范有效击打区域,突出技法特征;在技术评判标准方面,应明确技术评判标准,优化技术评分标准,突出特色技术发挥;在技术犯规标准方面,应明确犯规技术细则,加强犯规技术处罚,消除技术影响因素。The study conducted the comparative study of technique standardization level betw een Chinese w ushu sanda and Olympic similar sports in terms of the technical structure,specifications,evaluation and foul structure. It indicated that the integrated technique structure in w ushu sanda promoted its simplified criteria, the fuzzy specifications promoted its unification,the general evaluation caused its combination,and its negative foul rules urged it to take the criteria series. The study suggested that the standardization of w ushu sanda should polish typical technical content, define the basic structures, and differentiate the similar sports＇ techniques. In terms of technical specifications,the scoring range should be simplified,effective hitting area should be specified and the technical features in sanda should be highlighted. In terms of technical criteria,the evaluation norms should be clear,the scoring system should be optimized,and the unique features should be stressed. Concerning the technical foul,the rules should be clear,the penalty to technical fouls should be strengthened,and the factors to influence the techniques should be eliminated.

关 键 词：武术散打 拳击 摔跤 柔道 跆拳道 标准化 

分 类 号：G852[文化科学—民族体育]