创业者的身份内涵:研究述评与展望  

Identity Connotation of Entrepreneur:Review and Prospect

作　　者：刘容志[1] 郑超[1] 赵君[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学工商管理学院,湖北武汉430073 [2]中南财经政法大学公共管理学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《经济管理》2016年第6期189-199,共11页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：全国教育科学规划课题教育部青年专项"创业教育的演进机制及其对大学生创业影响的跟踪研究"(EIA150416)

摘　　要：创业者行为是创业者对自我身份认同的反应。社会认同理论及角色认同理论为这一过程的解读提供了不同的研究视角。本文首先回顾了创业者身份的概念,从社会身份和角色身份两个维度对其进行了分类;其次,从创业者的身份内涵及创业行为与动机的一致性两个方面对社会认同理论及角色认同理论进行了对比。在此基础上,又结合创业者社会身份与角色身份的对立统一性,探讨了两种理论的融合。最后对未来研究方向进行了展望。本文基于文献梳理,探讨了创业者身份对创业行为的影响机制以及身份认同在这一过程中的作用,旨在增加对创业者行为的深入理解,从而为创业行为和创业者身份的研究提供新的研究视角。Entrepreneurship not only give a huge economic profits to the individual,but also create economic value for the community,and its political and social impact encourage the scholars to research on what kind of person is suitable to be entrepreneurs.However,entrepreneurial research based on trait theory or cognitive characteristics is not enough to explain the behavior reaction of entrepreneurs to potential opportunities,so it is necessary to explore other explanatory mechanisms of entrepreneur＇s behavior choice.Individual identity is the cognitive framework to explain the individual behavior,entrepreneurial identity can reflect in the entrepreneurial behavior,which is the entrepreneurs＇ reaction of the identity identification,and entrepreneurial behavior shows large difference under different identity.Based on this,recent research about the entrepreneur identity has begun to examine how identity differences affect the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition behavior and resource acquisition behaviors.While,social identity theory and role identity theory provides a different perspective to interpret this process.This paper reviews the concept of entrepreneurial identity,from the two dimensions of social identity and role identity.By comparison,it is suggested that their interpretation about the connotation of the entrepreneurs identity and the behavior patterns are different,mainly reflected in two aspects：firstly,the two theories explain the entrepreneur identity from different angles of view：according to social identity theory,the entrepreneurial social identity is accomplished through self classification,and in the role identity theory,individual understanding and recognition of the role is to be shaped in the interact with other people;secondly,the interpretation of entrepreneurial behavior and motivation mechanism are different：by the social identity theory,entrepreneurial motivations are qualitatively classified into different types,and the individual has always been in the pursuit of the behavior a

关 键 词：创业者身份 社会认同 角色认同 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]