“双一流”建设的三重突破:体制、管理与技术  

'Double World-Class Building':System, Management and Technology

作　　者：周光礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学教育学院

出　　处：《大学教育科学》2016年第4期4-14,共11页University Education Science

摘　　要：建设世界一流大学和一流学科需要突破三重障碍。一是体制障碍,即宏观层面的'体制与结构'问题。其核心是如何处理政府与大学的关系,关键是落实大学办学自主权。二是管理障碍,即中观层面的'组织与管理'问题。其核心是如何处理学术与行政的关系,关键是落实基层学术组织(院、系、研究所)自治权。三是技术障碍,即微观层面的'知识与课程'问题。其核心是如何处理教学与科研的关系,关键是推进学科专业课程一体化建设。我们认为,技术突破和管理突破以体制突破为前提。在外部体制难以改变的情况下,单方面进行大学改革,很难取得应有成效,必须跳出教育看教育。同时,必须充分发挥组织的能动性。即使在体制不变的情况下,大学组织依然可以进行技术创新和管理创新。In August 2015, the!Overall scheme to push forward the world first-class university and the first-class discipline construction!approved by a central leading group for 'comprehensively deepening reform' further defined the guidelines and concrete goals of the Party's and the nation's building world-class university, and explicitly proposed to construct world-class universities through building of world-class disciplines. In October 2015, the Thirteenth Five Year Plan approved by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China put forward again that we should greatly improve colleges and universities' teaching quality and research capabilities, and make a number of colleges and universities and some disciplines stand at or near the world top-class level. 'Double world-class building' will be the central theme of China's higher education reform and development for some time in the future. This overall scheme, together with major initiatives by the Ministry of Education, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance to guide the local undergraduate colleges and universities to application transformation, will reshape the landscape of China's higher education.To carry out the 'Double world-class building' program with considerations of their local factors, Guangdong Province took the lead in formulating their plans of'7+7'regional high-level university construction and top disciplines building, as well as the plan of constructing the high level universities of science and technology. Under the stimulus of Guangdong province, other provinces quickly announced their construction plans of world-class disciplines. Beijing opened'construction plan of excellence innovation center of universities and colleges in Beijing'.Thirteen Beijing excellence innovation centers of colleges and universities were got firstly approved, like Tsinghua University's future sophisticated chip technology innovation center. Shanghai officially started a peak-plateau construct

关 键 词：世界一流大学 一流学科 大学办学自主权 基层学 术组织自治 科教融合 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]