考虑动静态交通转换的中心商业区停车供给优化研究  

Optimization of parking supply in central business district based on the relationship between car travelling and car parking

作　　者：杨忠振[1] 高春雨[1] 陈东旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学交通运输管理学院,大连116026

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2016年第8期2091-2100,共10页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(71431001);国家自然科学基金(71402013);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3132014318;3132013078)~~

摘　　要：基于排队论构建停车阻抗函数,基于综合出行阻抗(停车阻抗+行车阻抗)函数建立双层规划模型,上层模型根据综合出行阻抗随停车容量变化确定CBD内停车泊位数及空间分布,目标函数为最小化所有小汽车的综合出行阻抗.下层模型为分担-分配组合模型,用于计算CBD内不同停车供给方案所对应的交通流特征.在双层模型外构建重力模型,计算在CBD新增停车泊位所诱增的小汽车出行.由于上层模型的结果会改变下层模型中的OD矩阵和停车阻抗,而下层模型又决定着上层模型的目标函数,因此均衡状态下的停车供给方案既是优化的结果.Based on queuing theory, a parking impedance function is established. Based on the total trip （parking ＆ travelling） impedance function, a bi-level programming model is developed. The upper model （UM） determines the number and locations of parking slots in central business district （CBD） according to the total impedances which will change due to the changes of the parking capacity. The objective of the UM is to minimize the average impedance of all car trips. The lower model （LM） is a modal split- assignment combination model, which calculates the traffic attributes for various parking supply schemes. In the outside of the bi-level model, a gravity model is built to calculate the induced car trips by the added parking slots. Because the output of the UM may change the OD trips and parking impedance in the LM, while the input from the LM in turn determine the objective function in the UM, there is a feedback between the two levels. The parking slots output under equilibrium are the optimized result.

关 键 词：CBD 交通需求管理 用户平衡 停车供给 分担-分配组合模型 

分 类 号：U15[交通运输工程]