不同教学模式在胸心外科五年制临床见习中的应用  

Application of problem based learning methods to five-year medical students in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery clinical teaching

作　　者：陈瑜[1,2] 陈涛[1] 董小超[1] 刘洋[1] 魏旭峰[1] 金振晓[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军第四军医大学第一附属医院胸心外科,西安710032 [2]中国人民解放军第四军医大学第一附属医院消化科,西安710032

出　　处：《中国体外循环杂志》2016年第3期165-167,181,共4页Chinese Journal of Extracorporeal Circulation

基　　金：军队"2110工程"三期野战外科学教改分课题YZWKJG12

摘　　要：目的本研究将探索问题导向学习(PBL)教学模式在胸心外科临床见习教学中的作用。方法采用前瞻性随机对照研究。选取70名临床见习学生,随机分为PBL教学组和对照组,每组35人,对照组采用传统教学模式。教学内容为胸部外伤、肺癌、食管癌和瓣膜病。见习教学结束后对两组学生的试卷笔试、临床技能、病历书写以及临床病例分析能力等不同方面进行评估,并发放调查问卷。结果在试卷笔试和病历书写方面两组学生之间无明显差异,但在临床技能以及临床病例分析能力方面PBL组显著优于对照组。问卷调查结果显示,PBL教学模式可以增进学生的学习兴趣,提高沟通交流能力以及自主学习能力。结论尽管PBL教学模式在教授知识的系统性方面有一定欠缺,PBL在胸心外科疾病的临床教学中具有明显优势。Objective Problem-based learning （PBL） is a student-centered, problem-oriented teaching method that is conducted through group discussions and supervised by teachers. Our study aims to explore the effects of PBL in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery teaching for medical students. Methods A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted with 70 clinical medical students randomly divided into two groups. Thirty five students were allocated to PBL group and another 35 students were assigned to control group where the traditional teaching method was used. Students＇ performance in written examination, practical skills and ability to write and analyze medical records were evaluated. A questionnaire was administered in both groups after the courseis completed. Resuits There was no significant difference in the scores for keeping medical recordsand written examination between the two groups. However, compared with control group, PBL group had significantly higher scores on clinical skills and case analysis. The questionnaire survey showed that PBL could significantly improve the communication skills and the ability to study independently. PBL required students to do more homework after school hours. Conclusion Although systematization of knowledge might be impaired to some extent by PBL, PBL has an obvious advantage in clinical teaching in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

关 键 词：PBL教学模式 胸心外科教学 医学教育 

分 类 号：R-4[医药卫生] G642[文化科学—高等教育学]