基于现实情境的村民委员会参与农村食品安全风险治理的行为研究  

Research on village committee's behavior of rural food safety risk governance in actual situation

作　　者：吴林海[1,2,3] 吕煜昕[1,2,3] 山丽杰[1,2,3] 林闽钢[4] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学江苏省食品安全研究基地,江苏无锡214122 [2]江南大学商学院,江苏无锡214122 [3]江南大学食品安全与营养协同创新中心,江苏无锡214122 [4]南京大学政府管理学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2016年第9期82-91,共10页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"食品安全风险社会共治研究"(批准号:14ZDA069);江苏省高校人文社科优秀创新团队"中国食品安全风险防控"(批准号:2013-011);江南大学自主科研计划项目"农村食品安全体系建设研究"(批准号:JUSRP1504XNC);"基于大数据挖掘工具的中国食品安全事件风险研究"(批准号:2015JDZD01)

摘　　要：有效治理农村食品安全问题,需要发挥村委会的作用,构建社会共治格局。为了探究村委会参与农村食品安全治理的现状,本文基于对山东省、江苏省、安徽省和河南省等四个省份1 242个村委会的问卷调查,运用因子分析和聚类分析方法,实证测度了现实情境下村委会参与农村食品安全风险的治理行为。调查结果表明,受访村干部以年龄段在46—60岁间、受教育程度为高中、任职时间为3—4年的男性为主;被调查的村委会成员以3—5人为主,所辖人口主要在5 000人以下,绝大多数村委会每年对村干部的补贴在5 000元以下;受调查的村委会在食用农产品生产环节的治理具有相对较好的表现,在食品流通消费环节的治理表现相对较差,在食品安全风险治理职能建设方面则分别表现出了较好和较差的两极化倾向。因子分析结果表明,村委会参与食品安全风险治理的行为内含食用农产品安全生产、食品安全流通消费、宣传职能建设和基础治理职能建设等四个因子,分别对应不同的治理重点和方式:食用农产品生产环节与源头治理型,流通消费环节与效果追求型,宣传职能建设与信息公开型,基础治理职能建设与职能推动型。根据上述四个因子最终将现阶段不同治理行为的村委会划分为参与传统型、参与起步型、参与断点型和参与全面型等四种类型。这些结论对在新的历史时期促进村委会的职能建设,引导村委会参与农村社会治理尤其防范农村食品安全风险具有重要的作用。基于此,本文构建了村委会参与农村食品安全风险治理的行为路径,并提出了相关政策建议。Enhancing the role of village committee on food safety governance and constructing a co-governance pattern will be of great significance of the effective governance of rural food safety. In order to explore the current situation of village committee＇ s governance on rural food safety, based on the survey of 1 242 village committees in Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui and Henan, it studies village committee＇ s behavior of rural food safety risk governance in actual situation by using factor analysis and cluster analysis method. The survey showed that surveyed village officals were men of mostly 46 -60 years old with the education degree for high school, whose serving time was 3 - 4 years ; most of surveyed village committees had 3 - 5 members and administrated less than 5 000 people, and offered a stipend payment less than 5 000 yuan per year per commitee; surveyed village committees did well in safety control of edible agricultural products while doing bad in food consumption and circulation, and this showed a tendency of polarization in governance function. The results of factor analysis showed that the village committee＇ s behavior includes four factors, such as safe production of edible agricultural products, food safety of consumption and circulation, promotion and publicity and basic governance function, which are respectively corresponding to different governance focus and modes： the production of edible agricultural products and the source governance, the consumption and circulation of food and the effect governance, publicity and information disclosure, basic function and function driven governance. Then the village committees are divided into four types： the traditional, the starting, the breakpoint and the full-scale. These conclusions have important effects on promoting the village committee＇ s function in the new historical period to participate in the rural social governance, especially to the rural food safety risk governance. Based on these findings, we construct a village committee＇ s behavi

关 键 词：村民委员会 食品安全 社会共治 因子分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]