论老子哲学中的“自然”  

On the “Nature” in Lao Zi Philosophy

作　　者：罗安宪[1] Luo Anxian

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学院,教授北京100872

出　　处：《学术月刊》2016年第10期36-43,共8页Academic Monthly

摘　　要："自然"是老子哲学的重要观念。"自然"的本义是"自己而然"、无有外力强迫,亦即自生、自化、自成,自本自根。"自然"是一共有概念,是人与物相共的;"无为"是人类所独有的概念,是抵达"自然"、恢复"自然"之简便途径。在老子哲学中,"自然"是从属于"道"的,"无为"是从属于"自然"的。"道"是第一层次的,"自然"是第二层次的,"无为"是第三层次的。老子要人通过"无为"而达到"自然",通过"自然"而接近道。由"自然"以明道,因"自然"以循道,明"自然"以守道,这就是老子的思想逻辑。As an important concept of Lao Zi philosophy, ＂nature＂ means ＂self being＂ without outside forces, i.e., self-born, self evolution, self becoming, and self-rooted. It is a common concept, together with human beings and matters. ＂Quietude＂ is a unique notion of human being, and a short cut to arriving at and recovering ＂nature＂. In Lao Zi philosophy, ＂nature＂ affiliated to ＂dao＂ （＂道＂） , and ＂quietude＂ affiliated to ＂nature＂. ＂Dao＂ lies at the first stratum, while nature, the second, and ＂quietude＂, the third. Lao Zi wanted people to arrive at ＂nature＂ through ＂quietude＂, and to arrive at ＂dao＂ through ＂nature＂. It is Lao Zi logical mind to verify dao by ＂nature＂, and to adhere to dao by verifying ＂nature.

关 键 词：老子 道 自然 无为 

分 类 号：B2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]