轮轨摩擦控制对重载货车轮轨磨耗的影响  

Influence of Friction Control on Wheel-Rail Wear of Heavy Haul Freight Car

作　　者：李亨利[1,2] 李芾[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]中车眉山车辆有限公司,四川眉山620032

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2016年第5期94-101,共8页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50975238);四川省科技支撑计划项目(2013GZX0142);中央高校基本科研业务费科技创新项目(SWJTU12CX041)

摘　　要：基于轮轨摩擦控制原理,以C80B型运煤专用敞车为对象,采用SIMPACK动力学软件建立车辆动力学模型,并将车辆动力学模型及LM型车轮与60型钢轨的轮轨接触模型和磨耗模型耦合,采用多点轮轨接触算法,分别计算和分析曲线和直线线路工况下干燥轨面状态、轨侧控制模式、轨顶控制模式和轨侧+轨顶控制模式等对重载铁路轮轨磨耗的影响。结果表明:在半径为300m的曲线线路上,采用轨侧控制模式时可使外轨侧车轮轮缘的磨耗降低约40.07%、外轨轨角的磨耗降低约42.31%,而降低内轨侧车轮踏面磨耗和内轨轨顶磨耗的效果不明显;采用轨侧+轨顶控制模式时不但能够进一步降低外轨侧车轮轮缘磨耗和外轨侧面磨耗,还可以使内轨侧车轮踏面磨耗和内轨顶面磨耗降低约40%以上,并且轮轨接触斑内瞬时最大接触应力、轮轨横向力和脱轨系数均有所减小;在直线线路上采用轨顶控制模式,可使车轮磨耗降低约66.33%,钢轨磨耗降低约63.64%。Type C80 B gondola car specially for transport of coal was taken as research object.Based on wheel/rail friction control principle,vehicle dynamics model was established by dynamics software SIMPACK.Vehicle dynamics model was coupled with wheel-rail（type LM wheel and type 60rail）contact model and wear model.With multipoint wheel-rail contact algorithm,the influencing factors for wheel-rail wear of heavy haul railway under curve and straight track conditions were calculated and analysed,which included dry rail surface state,rail side control mode,rail top control mode and rail side plus top mode,etc.Results show that,on curved track with the radius of 300 m,rail side control mode can reduce about40.07% of wheel flange wear and about 42.31% of corner wear on high rail side,while the decrease in wheel tread wear and rail top wear on low rail side is not obvious.Rail side plus top mode not only can further reduce wheel flange wear and rail side wear on high rail side but also can reduce about over 40% of wheel tread wear and rail top wear on low rail side.Also,the transient maximum contact stress in wheelrail contact patch,wheel-rail lateral force and derailment coefficient have all been somewhat reduced.Rail top control mode on straight line can reduce about 66.33% of wheel wear and about 63.64% of rail wear.

关 键 词：轮轨磨耗 轮轨摩擦控制 车辆动力学 轮轨接触 重载铁路 

分 类 号：U270.331[机械工程—车辆工程]