自主性的塑造——涂尔干论道德教育  

Cultivating Autonomy:Durkheim on Moral Education

作　　者：陈涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院社会学研究所,北京100836

出　　处：《北京大学教育评论》2016年第4期21-44,共24页Peking University Education Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(13BSH004)

摘　　要：对涂尔干来说,教育不是中立性的,它在本质上是一种道德教育。否认这一点,无异于自欺欺人,而承认这一点,则要求我们对教育的目的做出规定。道德教育所要培养的自主的社会人,并不是一个仅仅懂得生存技能、老于社会世故的庸人,也不是一个被掏空了一切情感和欲望的纯粹理性的存在,而是一个尊重和热爱社会生活,并能够在社会实在所给予的"客观理性"和自身的欲望之间建立一种平衡,根据社会的理性来从事道德判断和道德实践的人。达致这一点,不仅要求我们重视学校环境和教师的作用,而且要求我们借助社会科学来预先重建理性。In Durkheim's view,education is not morally neutral,but a moral education in essence.So the education needs to be determined.The aim of moral education is to culture the autonomous social man,who is neither an ordinary man who acquires the necessary or sophisticated skills,nor a pure rational being hollows of emotions and desires,but a man who respects and loves social life,and has the ability to establish an equilibrium between the social requirements and his desires,to make moral judgments and practices according to the rationality of society.To achieve this goal,it demands not only the influence of school environment and teachers,but also the reformation of the concept of rationality.

关 键 词：道德教育 自主性 社会人 理性 

分 类 号：G41[文化科学—教育学]