实验室模拟越夏贮藏条件对玉米籽粒中淀粉及淀粉酶活性的影响  

Effect of high temperature and humidity storage on starch and amylase activity of corn grain

作　　者：修琳[1] 畅鹏飞 郑明珠[1] 蔡丹[1] 张大力[1] 刘景圣[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学食品科学与工程学院∥小麦和玉米深加工国家工程实验室,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《粮食与饲料工业》2016年第11期5-8,共4页Cereal & Feed Industry

基　　金：公益性行业(粮食)科研专项(201313011-3);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS02-29)

摘　　要：选用2013年收获的"农大709"玉米籽粒,将其分别贮藏于室温和恒温恒湿培养箱(35℃,RH75%)中,并测定玉米籽粒淀粉酶活性、淀粉和可溶性糖含量的变化,分析了高温高湿(35℃,RH75%)条件下淀粉酶与可溶性糖代谢之间的关系。试验结果表明:常温条件下总淀粉酶和α-淀粉酶活性在贮藏初期仍继续上升,而后不再发生显著变化;除蔗糖含量降低外,总淀粉和直链淀粉以及果糖、葡萄糖、麦芽糖均无显著变化。高温高湿贮藏条件下,总淀粉酶和α-淀粉酶活性均显著下降;玉米总淀粉含量无明显变化而直链淀粉含量上升;葡萄糖和果糖变化一致,均先上升后下降;而麦芽糖和蔗糖含量均为先下降后上升。We collected samples of corn grain ＂Nongda 709＂ harvested in 2013 and stored them under the conditions of room temperature and constant temperature and humidity （35 ℃, 75 %）, respectively, and measured the change of amylase activity, starch content and soluble sugar content of corn grains, and analyzed the relationship between amylase and soluble sugar metabolism in maize. The results showed that： under normal temperature, the activity of total amylase and a-amylase were detected significantly increased at the beginning of the storage and then no significant changes. The sucrose content of samples was decreased significantly. However, the content of fructose, glucose, maltose, total starch and amylose had no significant changes. Under high temperature and humidity storage conditions, the activity of total amylase and α-amylase were detected significantly decreased. The amylose content decreased but the total starch content did not change significantly. The glucose sucrose and fructose content of samples were both increased at the early storage, and then decreased later. However,the contentof sucrose and maltose tended to fall, and then rise.

关 键 词：玉米籽粒 贮藏 高温高湿 淀粉酶 直链淀粉 可溶性糖 

分 类 号：TS210.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]