高速列车前端吸能结构理论预测与数值模拟  

Theoretical prediction andnumerical simulation of the high-speed train front-end energy-absorbing structure

作　　者：张秧聪[1] 许平[1] 姚曙光[1] 邓雯苑 

机构地区：[1]中南大学轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075 [2]广东技术师范学院汽车学院,广东广州510000

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2016年第12期2327-2334,共8页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(U1334208);教育部重点资助项目(113051A);国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAG12B01)

摘　　要：基于简化基本折叠单元理论,3种截面构型的高速列车前端吸能结构的横截面分为V形、Y-I形和Y-II形3种基本角单元,对其轴向压缩平均载荷进行理论求解。为验证理论预测公式的可靠性,采用基于LS-DYNA的非线性有限单元法对3种吸能结构进行数值模拟,并与理论结果进行比较。在此基础上,研究五元胞组合蜂窝管的单元胞边长和壁厚2个参数对其耐撞性的影响。研究结果表明:3种吸能结构的平均载荷理论预测值与数值仿真值相差不大,其中五元胞组合蜂窝管耐撞性最好,其平均载荷是壁厚的1.5次幂函数,是单元胞边长的0.5次幂函数,增加壁厚能显著提高平均载荷,比吸能是壁厚的0.5幂函数,是单元胞边长的负0.5次幂函数。Based on the Simplified Super Folding Element theory, the cross section of three kinds of high-speed train front-end energy-absorbing structure were divided into the three different basic angle elements which in-clude V, Y-Ⅰ and Y-Ⅱ. The theoretical prediction of the mean crushing force were proposed for the multi-cell honeycomb tubes under axial crushing loading. In order to validate the theoretical solutions, the axial crushing simulation of three kinds of high-speed train front-end energy-absorbing structure were implemented by emplo-ying the nonlinear finite element method on the basis of LS-DYNA. Based on the theoretical solutions and the simulation, the influence of the cell-wall length and thickness on crashworthiness was studied, the results show that： The analytical solutions show an excellent agreement with the simulation results. The energy absorption ca-pacity of five-cell combination honeycomb tube is the most excellent among three kinds of energy - absorbing structure. The mean crushing force of multi-cell honeycomb tubes is 1.5 times the power function of thickness and it is 0.5 times the power function of cell-wall length. The increase of the thickness can significantly improve the mean crushing force. The specific energy absorption is 0.5 times the power function of thickness and it is 0.5 times the negative power function of cell-wall length.

关 键 词：高速列车 耐撞性 理论预测 有限元 参数研究 

分 类 号：U260.2[机械工程—车辆工程]